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Parameters Identification of High Temperature Damage Model of X12 Alloy Steel for Ultra-Supercritical Rotor Using Inverse Optimization Technique

机译：逆超临界转子X12合金钢高温损伤模型的参数识别

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摘要

X12 alloy steel is a new generation material for manufacturing ultra-supercritical generator rotors. Cracks will appear on the forgings during the forging process and the rotors will be scrapped in serious cases. To optimize the forging process of the rotor and avoid the occurrence of crack defects in the hot forming process, based on Oyane damage model, a high temperature damage model of X12 alloy steel was proposed by introducing the influences of temperature and strain rate on the damage evolution. A reverse analysis method was proposed to determine the critical damage value of Oyane damage model by comparing experimental and simulated fracture displacement in the tensile tests. Then, the critical damage value was determined as a function of temperature and strain rate. The high temperature damage model was combined to the commercial finite element software FORGE® to simulate the high temperature tensile test. The accuracy of the damage model was verified by comparing the difference of the fracture displacement between simulated and experimental samples. Additionally, as stress triaxiality is a significant factor influencing the damage behavior of ductile materials, the effects of temperature and strain rate on the stress triaxiality of X12 alloy steel was analyzed by simulating the high temperature tensile process, and the damage mechanism of X12 alloy steel under high stress triaxiality was analyzed by SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope).
机译：X12合金钢是一种用于制造超超临界发电机转子的新一代材料。在锻造过程中锻件将出现裂缝，转子将在严重的情况下报废。为了优化转子的锻造过程，避免在热成形过程中发生裂纹缺陷，基于Oyane损伤模型，通过引入温度和应变率对损伤的影响，提出了X12合金钢的高温损伤模型进化。提出了反向分析方法，以通过比较拉伸试验中的实验和模拟骨折位移来确定Oyane损伤模型的临界损伤值。然后，确定临界损伤值作为温度和应变率的函数。高温损伤模型与商业有限元软件Forge®组合以模拟高温拉伸试验。通过比较模拟和实验样品之间的断裂位移差异来验证损伤模型的准确性。此外，由于应力三轴性是影响延性材料损伤行为的重要因素，通过模拟高温拉伸工艺分析温度和应变率对X12合金钢应力三轴性的影响，以及X12合金钢的损伤机理分析通过SEM（扫描电子显微镜）分析高应力三轴性。

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