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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Nanomaterials >Metal–Insulator Transition of Ultrathin Sputtered Metals on Phenolic Resin Thin Films: Growth Morphology and Relations to Surface Free Energy and Reactivity
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Metal–Insulator Transition of Ultrathin Sputtered Metals on Phenolic Resin Thin Films: Growth Morphology and Relations to Surface Free Energy and Reactivity

机译：超薄溅射金属对酚醛树脂薄膜的金属绝缘体转变：生长形态与表面自由能和反应性的关系

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Nanostructured metal assemblies on thin and ultrathin polymeric films enable state of the art technologies and have further potential in diverse fields. Rational design of the structure–function relationship is of critical importance but aggravated by the scarcity of systematic studies. Here, we studied the influence of the interplay between metal and polymer surface free energy and reactivity on the evolution of electric conductivity and the resulting morphologies. In situ resistance measurements during sputter deposition of Ag, Au, Cu and Ni films on ultrathin reticulated polymer films collectively reveal metal–insulator transitions characteristic for Volmer–Weber growth. The different onsets of percolation correlate with interfacial energy and energy of adhesion weakly but as expected from ordinary wetting theory. A more pronounced trend of lower percolation thickness for more reactive metals falls in line with reported correlations. Ex situ grazing incidence small angle X-ray scattering experiments were performed at various thicknesses to gain an insight into cluster and film morphology evolution. A novel approach to interpret the scattering data is used where simulated pair distance distributions of arbitrary shapes and arrangements can be fitted to experiments. Detailed approximations of cluster structures could be inferred and are discussed in view of the established parameters describing film growth behavior.
机译：薄型和超薄聚合物薄膜上的纳米结构金属组件使现有技术的状态能够在不同的领域中具有进一步的潜力。结构功能关系的理性设计是重要的重要性，但通过系统研究的稀缺恶化了。在这里，我们研究了金属和聚合物表面自由能和反应性在导电性和所得形态的演变之间的影响。在溅射沉积期间的原位电阻测量在超薄网状高分子膜上的溅射沉积中，共同揭示了Volmer-Weber生长的金属绝缘体转变特性。渗透的不同概念与垂直能量和粘合能量弱，而是从普通润湿理论预期的。对于更多反应性金属的更低渗透厚度的更明显的趋势符合报告的相关性。 EX原位放牧发生小角度X射线散射实验以各种厚度进行，以获得洞穴和薄膜形态进化。使用一种解释散射数据的新方法，其中可以安装任意形状和布置的模拟对距离分布。鉴于描述薄膜生长行为的已建立参数，可以推断群集结构的详细近似。

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