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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Polymers >Applying Membrane Distillation for the Recovery of Nitrate from Saline Water Using PVDF Membranes Modified as Superhydrophobic Membranes
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Applying Membrane Distillation for the Recovery of Nitrate from Saline Water Using PVDF Membranes Modified as Superhydrophobic Membranes

机译：使用PVDF膜作为超疏水膜的PVDF膜施加膜蒸馏从盐水中从盐水中回收硝酸盐

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摘要

In this study, a flat sheet direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) module was designed to eliminate nitrate from water. A polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane was used in a DCMD process at an ambient pressure and at a temperature lower than the boiling point of water. The electrical conductivity of the feed containing nitrate increased, while the electrical conductivity of the permeate remained constant during the entire process. The results indicated that the nitrate ions failed to pass through the membrane and their concentration in the feed increased as pure water passed through the membrane. Consequently, the membrane was modified using TiO2 nanoparticles to make a hierarchical surface with multi-layer roughness on the microanoscales. Furthermore, 1H,1H,2H,2H-Perfluorododecyltrichlorosilane (FTCS) was added to the modified surface to change its hydrophobic properties into superhydrophobic properties and to improve its performance. The results for both membranes were compared and reported on a pilot scale using MATLAB. In the experimental scale (a membrane surface area of 0.0014 m2, temperature of 77 °C, nitrate concentration of 0.9 g/Kg, and flow rate of 0.0032 Kg/s), the flux was 2.3 Kgm−2h−1. The simulation results of MATLAB using these data showed that for the removal of nitrate (with a concentration of 35 g/Kg) from the intake feed with a flow rate of 1 Kg/s and flux of 0.96 Kgm−2h−1, a membrane surface area of 0.5 m2 was needed.
机译：在该研究中，设计平板直接接触膜蒸馏（DCMD）模块以消除水中的硝酸盐。将聚偏二氟乙烯（PVDF）膜在DCMD工艺中以环境压力和低于水的沸点的温度使用。含有硝酸盐的饲料的电导率增加，而在整个过程中渗透物的电导率保持恒定。结果表明，硝酸根离子未通过膜，并且随着通过膜通过的纯净水而进料中的浓度增加。因此，使用TiO2纳米颗粒改性膜以使具有多层粗糙度的分层表面在微/纳米粒子上。此外，将1H，1H，2H，2H-全氟二癸基三氯硅烷（FTCS）加入到改性表面中，以将其疏水性能改变为超疏水性质，并改善其性能。比较两个膜的结果，并使用MATLAB在试验规模上报道。在实验刻度（膜表面积为0.0014m 2，温度为77℃，硝酸盐浓度为0.9g / kg，流速为0.0032kg / s），通量为2.3kgm-2h-1。使用这些数据的MATLAB的模拟结果表明，从进气进料中除去硝酸盐（浓度为35g / kg），流速为1kg / s和0.96kgm-2h-1的通量，膜需要表面积为0.5m 2。

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