Cotton is one of the most important industrial crops in the world. Though widely cultivated in Sicily (Italy) in the past, cotton growth on the island has disappeared today due to a complex variety of agronomic, economic and socio-political reasons. In recent years, increased interest in natural fibers worldwide has led to a revival in cotton plants in the Mediterranean area. The aim of this paper was to assess the response of Gossypium hirsutum L. cultivars to different environments and sowing times. Elsa and Juncal were selected from the most promising cotton cultivars regarding earliness and productivity. Plants were tested with three sowing times and in two Sicilian environments. Cotton yield and yield components were significantly affected by experimental station, sowing time and cultivar. Lint yield of cultivars was 1.60 t ha−1 on average, and the highest value of 1.99 t ha−1 was obtained from an early sowing time. The three indices of agronomic earliness varied significantly based on treatments. In conclusion, the evaluation of response genotype-by-environment under different sowing times could represent a strategy to obtain optimal cotton seed and lint yields, although other general aspects, such as labor costs, land availability and capital resources, should be also considered when evaluating the reintroduction of the species in Sicily.
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机译：棉是世界上最重要的工业庄稼之一。虽然在过去的西西里岛（意大利）广泛种植，但由于农艺，经济和社会政治原因复杂，岛上的棉花增长已经消失。近年来，全球天然纤维的兴趣导致地中海地区棉花植物的复兴。本文的目的是评估Gossypium Hirsutum L.品种对不同环境和播种时间的反应。 Elsa和Juncal选自有关早期性和生产力的最有前途的棉花品种。用三次播种时间和两个西西里环境进行测试。棉花产量和产量组分受实验站，播种时间和品种显着影响。棉绒的棉绒产率平均为1.60 t ha-1，从早期播种时间获得1.99 t ha-1的最高值。三个农艺指数以依赖于治疗而显着变化。总之，在不同播种时间下对响应基因型的评估可以代表一种获得最佳棉花种子和棉绒产量的策略，尽管其他一般方面，如劳动力成本，土地可用性和资本资源，应当何时考虑在西西里岛评估物种的重新引入。
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