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Comparative Experiments of V2X Security Protocol Based on Hash Chain Cryptography

机译：基于哈希链密码术的V2X安全协议的比较实验

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摘要

Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) is the communication technology designed to support road safety for drivers and autonomous driving. The light-weight security solution is crucial to meet the real-time needs of on-board V2X applications. However, most of the recently proposed V2X security protocols—based on the Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA)—are not efficient enough to support fast processing and reduce the communication overhead between vehicles. ECDSA provides a high-security level at the cost of excessive communication and computation overhead, which motivates us to propose a light-weight message authentication and privacy preservation protocol for V2X communications. The proposed protocol achieves highly secure message authentication at a substantially lower cost by introducing a hash chain of secret keys for a Message Authentication Code (MAC). We implemented the proposed protocol using commercial V2X devices to prove its performance advantages over the standard and non-standard protocols. We constructed real V2X networks using commercial V2X devices that run our implemented protocol. Our extensive experiments with real networks demonstrate that the proposed protocol reduces the communication overhead by 6 times and computation overhead by more than 100 times compared with the IEEE1609.2 standard. Moreover, the proposed protocol reduces the communication overhead by 4 times and the computation overhead by up to 100 times compared with a non-standard security protocol, TESLA. The proposed protocol substantially reduces the average end-to-end delay to 2.5 ms, which is a 24- and 28-fold reduction, respectively, compared with the IEEE1609 and TESLA protocols.
机译：车辆到一切（V2X）是旨在支持司机和自主驾驶的道路安全的通信技术。轻量级安全解决方案至关重要，以满足板载V2X应用的实时需求。然而，基于椭圆曲线数字签名算法（ECDSA）的基于最近提出的V2X安全协议的大多数是不足以支持快速处理并减少车辆之间的通信开销。 ECDSA提供了高度沟通和计算开销的高度安全级别，这激励我们为V2X通信提出了轻量级消息认证和隐私保存协议。该协议通过引入消息认证码（MAC）的秘密密钥的哈希链来实现高度安全的消息认证。我们使用商业V2X设备实现了所提出的协议，以证明其通过标准和非标准协议的性能优势。我们使用运行我们实现协议的商业V2X设备构建了真实的V2X网络。我们的真实网络的广泛实验表明，与IEEE1609.2标准相比，所提出的协议将通信开销减少6次，并计算开销超过100次。此外，与非标准安全协议Tesla相比，所提出的协议将通信开销减少4次，并且计算开销最多100次。所提出的方案显着降低了与IEEE1609和TesLA方案相比的平均端到端延迟至2.5ms，即减少24-28倍。

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