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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Conservation Physiology >Thermal tolerance depends on season age and body condition in imperilled redside dace Clinostomus elongatus
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Thermal tolerance depends on season age and body condition in imperilled redside dace Clinostomus elongatus

机译：耐热耐受性取决于季节年龄和身体状况危险的丛林丛林植物

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Urbanization tends to increase water temperatures in streams and rivers and is hypothesized to be contributing to declines of many freshwater fishes. However, factors that influence individual variation in thermal tolerance, and how these may change seasonally, are not well understood. To address this knowledge gap, we studied redside dace Clinostomus elongatus, an imperilled stream fish native to rapidly urbanizing areas of eastern North America. In wild redside dace from rural Ohio, USA, acute upper thermal tolerance (i.e. critical thermal maximum, CTmax) ranged between ~34°C in summer (stream temperature ~22°C) and 27°C in winter (stream temperature ~2°C). Juveniles had higher CTmax than adults in spring and summer, but in winter, CTmax was higher in adults. Thermal safety margins (CTmax − ambient water temperature; ~11°C) were less than the increases in peak water temperature predicted for many redside dace streams due to the combined effects of climate change and urbanization. Furthermore, behavioural agitation occurred 5–6°C below CTmax. Safety margins were larger (>20°C) in autumn and winter. In addition, redside dace were more sensitive (2.5°C lower CTmax) than southern redbelly dace Chrosomus erythrogaster, a non-imperilled sympatric cyprinid. Body condition (Fulton’s K) of adult redside dace was positively correlated with CTmax, but in juveniles, this relationship was significant only in one of two summers of experiments. Next, we measured CTmax of captive redside dace fed experimentally manipulated diets. In adults, but not juveniles, CTmax was higher in fish fed a high- vs. low-ration diet, indicating a causal link between nutrition and thermal tolerance. We conclude that redside dace will be challenged by predicted future summer temperatures, especially in urbanized habitats. Thus, habitat restoration that mitigates temperature increases is likely to benefit redside dace. We also suggest habitat restoration that improves food availability may increase thermal tolerance, and thus population resilience.
机译：城市化往往会增加溪流和河流的水温，并假设有助于许多淡水鱼的下降。然而，影响热容耐热性变异的因素以及这些变化的变化以及如何季节性变化，并不熟知。为了解决这一知识差距，我们研究了Redside Dace Clinostomus Elongatus，这是一种危险的溪流，原产于北美东部的快速城市化地区。在俄亥俄州乡村，美国，急性上部耐热性（即临界热最大值，CTmax）在夏季（流温度〜22°C）和27°C之间的急性上部耐热公差（即临界热最大值，27°C（流温度〜2°） C）。春夏的少年比成年人更高，但在冬天，CTMAX在成年人中较高。由于气候变化和城市化的综合影响，热安全裕度（CTMAX - 环境水温;〜11°C）小于预测许多零侧管溪流量的峰值水温的增加。此外，在CTmax以下发生行为搅拌5-6℃。秋季和冬季安全边距较大（> 20°C）。此外，Redside Detace比Southern Redbelly Dace Chorsomus erythrogaster更敏感（2.5°C降低Ctmax），这是一种无危险的合并症Cyprinid。成人肾脏的身体状况（Fulton的K）与Ctmax呈正相关，但在少年中，这种关系仅在两个实验夏天之一中显着。接下来，我们测量了通过实验操纵的饮食的俘虏红侧DACE的CTmax。在成人中，但不是少年，CTMAX在喂养高比率饮食的鱼中较高，表明营养和耐热性之间的因果关系。我们得出结论，Redside Dace将受到预测未来夏季温度的挑战，特别是在城市化栖息地。因此，减轻温度升高的栖息地恢复可能使肾脏侧侧有益。我们还建议栖息地恢复，以提高食物可用性可能会增加热耐受性，从而增加人口恢复力。

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