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Evaluation of human resources needed and comparison with human resources available to implement emergency vaccination in case of foot and mouth disease outbreaks in Tunisia

机译：评估人力资源所需的和与人力资源进行比较以便在突尼斯的脚口病爆发的情况下实施紧急疫苗接种

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Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious viral disease that affects domestic and wild artiodactyl animals and causes considerable economic losses related to outbreak management, production losses and trade impacts. In Tunisia, the last FMD outbreak took place in 2018–2019. The effectiveness of control measures implemented to control FMD depends, in particular, on the human resources used to implement them. Tunisia has the ultimate objective of obtaining OIE status as ‘FMD-free with vaccination’. The aim of this study was to determine and compare the necessary and available human resources to control FMD outbreaks in Tunisia using emergency vaccination and to assess the gaps that would play a role in the implementation of the strategy. We developed a resources-requirement grid of necessary human resources for the management of the emergency vaccination campaign launched after the identification of a FMD-infected premises in Tunisia. Field surveys, conducted in the 24 governorates of Tunisia, allowed quantifying the available human resources for several categories of skills considered in the resources-requirement grid. For each governorate, we then compared available and necessary human resources to implement vaccination according to eight scenarios mixing generalised or cattle-targeted vaccination and different levels of human resources. The resources-requirement grid included 11 tasks in three groups: management of FMD-infected premises, organisational tasks and vaccination implementation. The available human resources for vaccination-related tasks included veterinarians and technicians from the public sector and appointed private veterinarians. The comparison of available and necessary human resources showed vaccination-related tasks to be the most time-consuming in terms of managing a FMD outbreak. Increasing the available human resources using appointed private veterinarians allowed performing the emergency vaccination of animals in the governorate in due time, especially if vaccination was targeted on cattle. The overall approach was validated by comparing the predicted and observed durations of a vaccination campaign conducted under the same conditions as during the 2014 Tunisian outbreak. This study could provide support to the Tunisian Veterinary Services or to other countries to optimise the management of a FMD outbreak.
机译：脚和口病（FMD）是一种高度传染性的病毒疾病，影响国内和野生偶酰酰脲，并导致违规爆发管理，生产损失和贸易影响有关的经济损失。在突尼斯，最后一次FMD爆发于2018-2019。实施控制FMD的控制措施的有效性尤其取决于用于实施它们的人力资源。突尼斯有最终目标是将OIE状态作为“无疫苗接种的FMD”。本研究的目的是通过紧急疫苗接种来确定和比较突尼斯突发的必要和现有人力资源，并评估将在执行战略中发挥作用的差距。我们开发了资源需求网格，为管理突尼斯识别FMD感染的房屋后发起的应急疫苗接种活动的必要人力资源。现场调查，在突尼斯的24个州省进行，允许在资源需求网格中考虑的几个类别的技能量化可用的人力资源。对于每个省，我们，我们比较可用和必要的人力资源，以根据八种情况和牛针对性疫苗接种和不同人力资源水平的八种情况进行疫苗接种。资源需求网格包括三组中的11个任务：对FMD感染的房屋，组织任务和疫苗接种实施的管理。与疫苗接种相关任务的现有人力资源包括来自公共部门的兽医和技术人员，并指定私人兽医。可用和必要的人力资源的比较显示与管理FMD爆发的疫苗相关的任务是最耗时的。使用指定的私人兽医增加可用的人力资源允许在适当时期进行省势中动物的紧急疫苗，特别是如果疫苗接种靶向牛。通过比较在与2014年突尼斯爆发相同条件下进行的疫苗接种活动的预测和观察到的疫苗活动持续时间来验证整体方法。本研究可以为突尼斯兽医服务或其他国家提供支持，优化对FMD爆发的管理。

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