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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Journal of Animal Science >154 Awardee Talk – Tares among the wheat: sericea lespedeza invasion of native tallgrass prairie
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154 Awardee Talk – Tares among the wheat: sericea lespedeza invasion of native tallgrass prairie

机译：154奖项谈话 - 小麦之间的焦油：Sericea lespedeza入侵本地Tallgrass草原

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摘要

North-American tallgrass prairie provides an array of ecosystem services including carbon sequestration, biodiversity preservation, and forage for grazing livestock. Once covering 68 million ha, only 4% remains today. The largest remnant (~1.5 million ha) lies in the Kansas Flint Hills, home to ~1.3 million yearling cattle and ~90,000 beef cows annually. Unfortunately, the functionality of this ecosystem is threatened by an exotic invader - sericea lespedeza (Lespedeza cuneata). Known colloquially as sericea, it is a perennial forb with prodigious capacity to proliferate. Sericea selection by grazing cattle is poor; condensed-tannin concentrations in wild-type sericea approach 20% of plant DM. Total-tract N digestibility by steers consuming sericea-contaminated tallgrass-prairie hay was documented at < 0%. Sericea control has been attempted using herbicides. This has not limited proliferation and has resulted in collateral damage to non-target lifeforms. Attempts to naturalize sericea to the ecosystem via enhanced herbivory were evaluated. Supplementation of beef cow diets with tannin-binding feedstuffs resulted in ≥29% increases in sericea selection compared with non-supplemented cows. Co-grazing beef cows and goats was associated with >20% more defoliation of sericea than beef-cow grazing alone. Sequential grazing of yearling steers followed by mature ewes resulted in >92% defoliation of sericea compared with < 2% in pastures grazed by steers alone. Unfortunately, widespread adoption of these techniques by the ranching community hasn’t occurred because of costs or logistical constraints. More recently, prescribed fire as a low-cost means of control was evaluated. Prescribed fires in late summer greatly diminished sericea proliferation compared with prescribed fires in spring (i.e., traditional prescribed-fire season). No changes in peak forage biomass or C4 grass-species abundance were observed; moreover, native legumes and nectar-producing forbs increased ≥2-fold in response to summer fire. Cultural acceptability of prescribed fire in the region is high; significant adoption by the ranching community has been observed.
机译：北美·阿尔古格拉斯大草原提供了一系列生态系统服务，包括碳封存，生物多样性保存和放牧牲畜的饲料。一旦占据6800万公顷，今天只有4％仍然存在。最大的残余（约150万公顷）位于堪萨斯州弗林特山，家庭〜130万〜130万牛，每年〜90,000牛奶。不幸的是，这种生态系统的功能受到异国情调的入侵者 - Sericea Lespedeza（Lespedeza Cuneata）的威胁。称为Sericea，它是一种多年生Forb，具有激增的促进能力。通过放牧牛的Sericea选择很差;野生型Sericea中的凝结性单宁浓度接近植物DM的20％。消耗Sericea受污染的Tallgrass-Prairie Hay的Steers的Total-Dract N消化率被记录在<0％。使用除草剂试图进行Sericea对照。这并不有限扩散，导致非目标生活造成的抵押品损害。评估了通过增强的草药将Sericea植入生态系统的试图。与非补充奶牛相比，牛肉牛饲料的补充牛牛饲料与单宁结合饲料的补充导致Sericea选择增加≥29％。共同放牧的牛肉奶牛和山羊与单独放牧的牛肉牛脱落有20％。渐渐放牧渐渐放牧叶片随后是成熟的母羊导致Sericea的92％脱落，而单独用Steers饲养的牧场中的2％。不幸的是，由于成本或后勤约束，牧场社区的广泛采用了这些技术。最近，评估了作为低成本控制手段的规定的火灾。与春季的规定的火灾相比，晚夏季的规定的火灾大大减少了塞塞西亚（即传统规定的火季）。没有观察到峰值饲料生物量或C4草种丰度的变化;此外，在夏季火灾响应时，本土豆类和生产的杂草生产的豆科植物和花蜜的杂草增加了≥2倍。该地区规定火灾的文化可接受性高;已观察到牧场社区的显着采用。

著录项

  • 期刊名称 Journal of Animal Science
  • 作者

    K C Olson;

  • 作者单位
  • 年(卷),期 2019(97),Suppl 3
  • 年度 2019
  • 页码 151
  • 总页数 1
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种
  • 中图分类 动物学;
  • 关键词

    机译：侵入性植物;Lespedeza Cuneata;原生大草原;

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