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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife >First records of prevalence and diversity of avian haemosporidia in snipe species (genus Gallinago) of Japan
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First records of prevalence and diversity of avian haemosporidia in snipe species (genus Gallinago) of Japan

机译：日本狙击种（Galinago）禽血管血液血吸虫患病率和多样性

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Migratory birds are important carriers of pathogens such as viruses, bacteria and protozoa. Avian haemosporidia have been detected from many wild birds of Japan, but the infection status of migratory birds and transmission area are still largely unknown. Gallinago snipes are long-distance migratory shorebirds, and five species migrate to or through Japan, including Latham's snipe which is near threatened. Haemosporidian parasites in four snipe species were investigated to understand the role of migratory birds in the transmission of avian haemosporidia. Namely, this study aimed: i) to investigate differences in parasite prevalence and related factors explaining infection likelihood among these migratory species, ii) to explore the diversity in haemosporidian lineages and possible transmission areas, and iii) to assess the possibility of morphological effects of infection. Blood samples were collected from snipes caught in central and southwest Japan during migration. Parasites cytb gene DNA were detected via PCR-based testing, and detected lineages were phylogenetically analyzed. Additionally, factors related to prevalence and morphological effects of infection were statistically tested. 383 birds from four Gallinago snipe species were caught, showing higher overall prevalence of avian haemosporidia (17.8 %) than reported in other wader species in previous studies. This high infection rate is presumably due to increased contact with vector insects, resultant of environmental preferences. The prevalence of Plasmodium spp. Was higher in Swinhoe's snipes, while Haemoproteus spp. Was higher in Latham's snipes. These differences are thought to be related to ecological factors including habitat use, distribution and migratory route. Six lineages detected from juveniles indicate transmission between the breeding and sampling area. Contrary to expectations, a direct link between morphological features and haemosporidian parasite infection were not detected. These findings provide valuable information for conservation of this endangered migratory bird group. Further studies linking biological and parasitological research are anticipated to contribute to conservational actions.
机译：迁徙的鸟类是病原体的重要载体，如病毒，细菌和原生动物。从许多野生鸟类的日本检测到禽血管孢子，但候鸟和传动区域的感染状况仍然很大程度上。 Gallinago Snipes是长途迁移鸟，五种物种迁移到或通过日本，包括靠近受威胁的Latham的狙击。调查了四种狙击种的血清腺寄生虫，了解候鸟在禽血管孢子虫传播中的作用。即本研究旨在：i）探讨寄生虫患病率的差异和解释这些迁徙物种，ii）中的感染可能性，探讨血清腺谱系和可能传输区域的多样性，以评估形态学的可能性感染。在迁移期间，从中部和西南部捕获的狙击血液中收集血液样品。通过基于PCR的试验检测寄生虫细胞基因DNA，检测到的谱系是在阴源性分析的。另外，统计上测试了与感染患病率和形态学效应相关的因素。捕获了383种来自四个Gallinago Snipe物种的鸟类，表现出禽血管孢子虫的总体普及（17.8％），而不是以前研究的其他伴随物种。这种高感染率可能是由于与载体昆虫的接触增加，导致环境偏好。疟原虫SPP的患病率。斯威斯队的狙击队更高，而血蛋白蛋白。在Latham的狙击队伍中更高。这些差异被认为与包括栖息地使用，分配和迁移路线在内的生态因素有关。从青少年检测到六个谱系指示繁殖和采样区之间的传输。与期望相反，未检测到形态特征和血清腺寄生虫感染之间的直接联系。这些调查结果提供了保护这种濒临灭绝的迁徙鸟类组的有价值的信息。预计将有关联系生物和寄生虫学研究的研究促进了保护作用。

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