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Evaluation of the Microstructure Tribological Characteristics and Crack Behavior of a Chromium Carbide Coating Fabricated on Gray Cast Iron by Pulsed-Plasma Deposition

机译:脉冲等离子体沉积在灰色铸铁上制造的碳化铬涂层的微观结构摩擦学特性和裂纹行为的评价

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摘要

The structural and tribological properties of a protective high-chromium coating synthesized on gray cast iron by air pulse-plasma treatments were investigated. The coating was fabricated in an electrothermal axial plasma accelerator equipped with an expandable cathode made of white cast iron (2.3 wt.% C–27.4 wt.% Cr–3.1 wt.% Mn). Optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, microhardness measurements, and tribological tests were conducted for coating characterizations. It was found that after ten plasma pulses (under a discharge voltage of 4 kV) and post-plasma heat treatment (two hours of holding at 950 °C and oil-quenching), a coating (thickness = 210–250 µm) consisting of 48 vol.% Cr-rich carbides (M7C3, M3C), 48 vol.% martensite, and 4 vol.% retained austenite was formed. The microhardness of the coating ranged between 980 and 1180 HV. The above processes caused a gradient in alloying elements in the coating and the substrate due to the counter diffusion of C, Cr, and Mn atoms during post-plasma heat treatments and led to the formation of a transitional layer and different structural zones in near-surface layers of cast iron. As compared to gray cast iron (non-heat-treated and heat-treated), the coating had 3.0–3.2 times higher abrasive wear resistance and 1.2–1208.8 times higher dry-sliding wear resistance (depending on the counter-body material). The coating manifested a tendency of solidification cracking caused by tensile stress due to the formation of a mostly austenitic structure with a lower specific volume. Cracks facilitated abrasive wear and promoted surface spalling under dry-sliding against the diamond cone.
机译:研究了通过空气脉冲血浆处理在灰铸铁上合成的保护性高铬涂层的结构和摩擦学特性。在配备有由白色铸铁制成的可膨胀阴极的电热轴向等离子体加速器中制造涂层(2.3重量%C-27.4重量%Cr-3.1重量%Mn)。光学显微镜,扫描电子显微镜,能量分散光谱,X射线衍射分析,微硬度测量和摩擦学检验进行涂层表征。发现经过十等离子体脉冲(在4 kV的放电电压下)和后等离子体热处理(在950℃下保持两小时),涂层(厚度=210-250μm)组成48 Vol.%Cr富含Cr的碳化物(M7C3,M3C),48体积%马氏体和4体积%的保留奥氏体。涂层的显微硬度范围为980至1180HV。上述过程引起涂层中的合金元素和基板的梯度,由于C,Cr和Mn原子在后等离子体热处理期间的反扩散,并导致了近 - 的形成层和不同的结构区铸铁表面层。与灰铸铁(非热处理和热处理)相比,涂层具有3.0-3.2倍的磨料耐磨性,干式耐磨性较高的1.2-1208.8倍(取决于反体材料)。涂层表现出由拉伸应力引起的凝固裂化的趋势,由于形成具有较低的特异性体积的主要奥氏体结构。裂缝促进磨料磨损和促进在钻石锥的干滑动下的表面剥落。

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