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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Sensors (Basel Switzerland) >A Performance Benchmark for Dedicated Short-Range Communications and LTE-Based Cellular-V2X in the Context of Vehicle-to-Infrastructure Communication and Urban Scenarios
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A Performance Benchmark for Dedicated Short-Range Communications and LTE-Based Cellular-V2X in the Context of Vehicle-to-Infrastructure Communication and Urban Scenarios

机译：车辆到基础设施通信和城市情景的背景下专用短程通信和LTE基础蜂窝V2X的性能基准

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摘要

For more than a decade, communication systems based on the IEEE 802.11p technology—often referred to as Dedicated Short-Range Communications (DSRC)—have been considered a de facto industry standard for Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) communication. The technology, however, is often criticized for its poor scalability, its suboptimal channel access method, and the need to install additional roadside infrastructure. In 3GPP Release 14, the functionality of existing cellular networks has been extended to support V2X use cases in an attempt to address the well-known drawbacks of the DSRC. In this paper, we present a complex simulation study in order to benchmark both technologies in a V2I communication context and an urban scenario. In particular, we compare the DSRC, LTE in the infrastructural mode (LTE-I), and LTE Device-to-Device (LTE-D2D) mode 3 in terms of the average end-to-end delay and Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR) under varying communication conditions achieved through the variation of the communication perimeter, message generation frequency, and road traffic intensity. The obtained results are put into the context of the networking and connectivity requirements of the most popular V2I C-ITS services. The simulation results indicate that only the DSRC technology is able to support the investigated V2I communication scenarios without any major limitations, achieving an average end-to-end delay of less than 100 milliseconds and a PDR above 96% in all of the investigated simulation scenarios. The LTE-I is applicable for the most of the low-frequency V2I services in a limited communication perimeter (<600 m) and for lower traffic intensities (<1000 vehicles per hour), achieving a delay pf less than 500 milliseconds and a PDR of up to 92%. The LTE-D2D in mode 3 achieves too great of an end-to-end delay (above 1000 milliseconds) and a PDR below 72%; thus, it is not suitable for the V2I services under consideration in a perimeter larger than 200 m. Moreover, the LTE-D2D mode 3 is very sensitive to the distance between the transmitter and its serving eNodeB, which heavily impacts the PDR achieved.
机译：十多年来，基于IEEE 802.11p技术的通信系统 - 通常被称为专用的短程通信（DSRC） - 被认为是车辆到基础设施（V2I）通信的事实上的行业标准。然而，该技术通常批评其可扩展性差，其次优通道访问方法以及安装额外的路边基础设施。在3GPP版本14中，已经扩展了现有蜂窝网络的功能以支持V2X使用情况，以解决DSRC的众所周知的缺点。在本文中，我们提出了复杂的模拟研究，以便在V2I通信背景和城市情景中基准测试两种技术。特别地，我们在平均端到端延迟和分组传递比率方面比较基础设施模式（LTE-I）中的DSRC，LTE，LTE，LTE设备到设备（LTE-D2D）模式3（PDR ）通过通信周长，消息生成频率和道路交通强度的变化来实现的不同通信条件。所获得的结果纳入了最受欢迎的V2I C-ITS服务的网络和连接要求的背景下。仿真结果表明，只有DSRC技术能够支持所调查的V2I通信场景，没有任何重大限制，在所有调查的仿真方案中实现了小于100毫秒的平均端到端延迟和高于96％的PDR 。 LTE-I适用于有限通信周长（<600米）的大多数低频V2I服务，以及较低的交通强度（每小时<1000辆），实现小于500毫秒和PDR的延迟PF高达92％。模式3中的LTE-D2D在端到端延迟（高于1000毫秒）和低于72％以下的PDR方面取得太大;因此，它不适用于在大于200米的周长上考虑的V2I服务。此外，LTE-D2D模式3对发射器与其服务eNodeB之间的距离非常敏感，这严重影响了PDR所达到的PDR。

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