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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Iranian Journal of Public Health >Medical Tourism: Between Entrepreneurship Opportunities and Bioethics Boundaries: Narrative Review Article
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Medical Tourism: Between Entrepreneurship Opportunities and Bioethics Boundaries: Narrative Review Article

机译：医疗旅游：在创业机会与生物伦理学边界之间：叙事评论文章

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摘要

Nowadays, medical tourism reports impressive growth in terms of number of persons, income and number of countries involved in cross-border flows. So this study was undertaken to clarify entrepreneurship opportunities and bio-ethics boundaries in medical tourism. For tourism entrepreneurs, these outgoing flows related to medical procedures and tourism become an opportunity that cannot be ignored, so a wide range of tourist services related to health care are provided on a private, entrepreneurial basis. However, social and economic boundaries are omnipresent (impaired health services in receiving (incoming) countries, the crisis of the health care systems in emitting (outgoing) countries, over-consumption of medical and tourism services), and, not least, ethical considerations. Transforming medical care in a market tool, reducing human attributes to the status of commodity that can be bought, sold or negotiated, seriously challenges contemporary bioethics principles. It is a significant entering in the area (which is essentially un-ethic) of market transactions, where libertarianism and consumer-oriented attitudes dominates the spectrum of rational choice. So tourism comes to provide an organized and comfortable framework for all these choices, but many issues still re-main controversial and may worsen if national health systems and national and international regulations would not identify their problems and would continue to leave medical tourism to market mechanisms. Market will efficiently allocate the resources, but not always in an ethical manner.
机译：如今，医疗旅游业在涉及人数，收入和参与跨国流动的国家数量方面均取得了令人瞩目的增长。因此，本研究旨在阐明医疗旅游业的创业机会和生物伦理学界限。对于旅游业企业家来说，与医疗程序和旅游业相关的这些外流成为了不容忽视的机会，因此，与私营医疗有关的各种旅游服务都是在私人，企业家的基础上提供的。但是，社会和经济界限无处不在（接收（传入）国家的医疗服务受损，发射（传出）国家的医疗体系危机，医疗和旅游服务的过度消费），尤其是道德方面的考虑。用市场工具转变医疗保健，将人的属性降低为可以购买，出售或谈判的商品状态，这严重挑战了当代生物伦理原则。这是市场交易领域的一个重要进入（本质上是不道德的），在这个领域，自由主义和以消费者为导向的态度主导着理性选择的范围。因此，旅游业为所有这些选择提供了一个有组织的，舒适的框架，但是许多问题仍然存在争议，如果国家卫生系统和国家及国际法规无法发现问题并继续将医疗旅游业推向市场机制，则可能使问题变得更糟。市场将有效地分配资源，但并非总是以道德的方式进行。

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