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Weighing trees with lasers: advances challenges and opportunities

机译:用激光称重树木:进步挑战和机遇

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摘要

Terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) is providing exciting new ways to quantify tree and forest structure, particularly above-ground biomass (AGB). We show how TLS can address some of the key uncertainties and limitations of current approaches to estimating AGB based on empirical allometric scaling equations (ASEs) that underpin all large-scale estimates of AGB. TLS provides extremely detailed non-destructive measurements of tree form independent of tree size and shape. We show examples of three-dimensional (3D) TLS measurements from various tropical and temperate forests and describe how the resulting TLS point clouds can be used to produce quantitative 3D models of branch and trunk size, shape and distribution. These models can drastically improve estimates of AGB, provide new, improved large-scale ASEs, and deliver insights into a range of fundamental tree properties related to structure. Large quantities of detailed measurements of individual 3D tree structure also have the potential to open new and exciting avenues of research in areas where difficulties of measurement have until now prevented statistical approaches to detecting and understanding underlying patterns of scaling, form and function. We discuss these opportunities and some of the challenges that remain to be overcome to enable wider adoption of TLS methods.
机译:陆地激光扫描(TLS)提供了令人兴奋的新方法来量化树木和森林结构,尤其是地上生物量(AGB)。我们将展示TLS如何解决目前基于AAll大规模估计基础的经验异速伸缩比例方程(ASE)估计AGB的方法的一些关键不确定性和局限性。 TLS提供非常详细的树形非破坏性测量,而与树的大小和形状无关。我们展示了来自各种热带和温带森林的三维(3D)TLS测量示例,并描述了如何将所得TLS点云用于生成分支和树干大小,形状和分布的定量3D模型。这些模型可以极大地改善AGB的估计,提供新的,改进的大规模ASE,并提供对与结构相关的一系列基本树属性的见解。单个3D树结构的大量详细测量还可能为一些领域提供开辟新的令人振奋的研究途径,而这些领域的测量困难到现在为止还阻止了统计方法来检测和理解缩放,形式和功能的基本模式。我们讨论了这些机会以及为广泛采用TLS方法仍需克服的一些挑战。

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