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Friction-Induced Mitochondrial Dysregulation Contributes to Joint Deterioration in Prg4 Knockout Mice

机译:摩擦诱导的线粒体失调导致Prg4基因敲除小鼠关节恶化。

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摘要

Deficiency of PRG4 (lubricin), the boundary lubricant in mammalian joints, contributes to increased joint friction accompanied by superficial and upper intermediate zone chondrocyte caspase-3 activation, as shown in lubricin-null (Prg4−/−) mice. Caspase-3 activity appears to be reversible upon the restitution of Prg4 either endogenously in vivo, in a gene trap mouse, or as an applied lubricant in vitro. In this study we show that intra-articular injection of human PRG4 in vivo in Prg4−/− mice prevented caspase-3 activation in superficial zone chondrocytes and was associated with a modest decrease in whole joint friction measured ex vivo using a joint pendulum method. Non-lubricated Prg4−/− mouse cartilage shows caspase cascade activation caused by mitochondrial dysregulation, and significantly higher levels of peroxynitrite (ONOO and OH) and superoxide (O2) compared to Prg4+/+ and Prg4+/− cartilage. Enzymatic activity levels of caspase 8 across Prg4 mutant mice were not significantly different, indicating no extrinsic apoptosis pathway activation. Western blots showed caspase-3 and 9 activation in Prg4−/− tissue extracts, and the appearance of nitrosylated Cys163 in the active cleft of caspase-3 which inhibits its enzymatic activity. These findings are relevant to patients at risk for arthrosis, from camptodactyl-arthropathy-coxa vara-pericarditis (CACP) syndrome and transient lubricin insufficiency due to trauma and inflammation.
机译:PRG4(lubricin)缺乏,哺乳动物关节中的边界润滑剂,导致关节摩擦增加,并伴随浅表层和上中间区软骨细胞caspase-3活化,如lubricin-null(Prg4 -/- ) 老鼠。 Caspase-3活性在体内,基因捕获小鼠体内或体内用作润滑剂后,在体内恢复Prg4后似乎是可逆的。在这项研究中,我们表明在Prg4 -/-小鼠体内关节内注射人PRG4可以预防浅表区软骨细胞中caspase-3的活化,并且与全关节摩擦的适度降低有关。体内采用联合摆法。未润滑的Prg4 -/-小鼠软骨显示由线粒体失调引起的半胱天冬酶级联激活,过氧化亚硝酸盐(ONOO -- OH和超氧化物(O - 2)与Prg4 + / + 和Prg4 +/- 软骨相比。跨Prg4突变型小鼠的半胱天冬酶8的酶活性水平无显着差异,表明没有外在的细胞凋亡途径激活。 Western印迹显示Prg4 -/-组织提取物中的caspase-3和9活化,并且在caspase-3的活性裂隙中出现亚硝基化的Cys163,从而抑制了其酶促活性。这些发现与患有关节病风险的患者有关,这些患者因手足指甲-关节炎-柯萨伐拉性心包炎(CACP)综合征和因创伤和发炎而造成的短暂性润滑脂功能不全。

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