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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>International Journal of Molecular Sciences >Melanin-Based Contrast Agents for Biomedical Optoacoustic Imaging and Theranostic Applications
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Melanin-Based Contrast Agents for Biomedical Optoacoustic Imaging and Theranostic Applications

机译：基于黑色素的造影剂用于生物医学光声成像和治疗学应用

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Optoacoustic imaging emerged in early 1990s as a new biomedical imaging technology that generates images by illuminating tissues with short laser pulses and detecting resulting ultrasound waves. This technique takes advantage of the spectroscopic approach to molecular imaging, and delivers high-resolution images in the depth of tissue. Resolution of the optoacoustic imaging is scalable, so that biomedical systems from cellular organelles to large organs can be visualized and, more importantly, characterized based on their optical absorption coefficient, which is proportional to the concentration of absorbing chromophores. Optoacoustic imaging was shown to be useful in both preclinical research using small animal models and in clinical applications. Applications in the field of molecular imaging offer abundant opportunities for the development of highly specific and effective contrast agents for quantitative optoacoustic imaging. Recent efforts are being made in the direction of nontoxic biodegradable contrast agents (such as nanoparticles made of melanin) that are potentially applicable in clinical optoacoustic imaging. In order to increase the efficiency and specificity of contrast agents and probes, they need to be made smart and capable of controlled accumulation in the target cells. This review was written in recognition of the potential breakthroughs in medical optoacoustic imaging that can be enabled by efficient and nontoxic melanin-based optoacoustic contrast agents.
机译：光声成像技术是1990年代初出现的一种新的生物医学成像技术，该技术通过用短激光脉冲照射组织并检测产生的超声波来生成图像。该技术利用光谱方法进行分子成像，并在组织深度提供高分辨率图像。光声成像的分辨率是可扩展的，因此可以看到从细胞器到大器官的生物医学系统，更重要的是，根据它们的光吸收系数（与吸收发色团的浓度成正比）进行表征。在使用小型动物模型的临床前研究和临床应用中，光声成像都显示出了有用的作用。分子成像领域的应用为开发用于定量光声成像的高度特异性和有效的造影剂提供了大量机会。朝着无毒的可生物降解的造影剂（例如由黑色素制成的纳米颗粒）的方向进行了最新的努力，这些潜在地可应用于临床光声成像。为了提高造影剂和探针的效率和特异性，需要使它们变得聪明并且能够控制靶细胞中的积累。撰写此评论是为了认识到医学光声成像的潜在突破，而这种突破可以通过高效且无毒的黑色素基光声造影剂来实现。

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