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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>International Journal of Microbiology >Etiology of Coinfections in Children with Influenza during 2015/16 Winter Season in Nepal
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Etiology of Coinfections in Children with Influenza during 2015/16 Winter Season in Nepal

机译：尼泊尔2015/16冬季流感儿童合并感染的病因学

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Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) are one of the major public health problems in developing countries like Nepal. Besides the influenza, several other pathogens are responsible for acute respiratory infection in children. Etiology of infections is poorly characterized at the course of clinical management, and hence empirical antimicrobial agents are used. The objective of this study was to characterize the influenza and other respiratory pathogens by real-time PCR assay. A total of 175 throat swab specimens of influenza-positive cases collected at National Influenza Center, Nepal, during the 2015/16 winter season were selected for detecting other respiratory copathogens. Total nucleic acid was extracted using Pure Link viral RNA/DNA mini kit (Invitrogen), and multiplex RT-PCR assays were performed. Influenza A and B viruses were found in 120 (68.6%) and 55 (31.4%) specimens, respectively, among which coinfections were found in 106 (60.6%) specimens. Among the influenza A-positive cases, 25 (20.8%) were A/H1N1 pdm09 and 95 (79.2%) were A/H3 subtypes. Viruses coinfected frequently with influenza virus in children were rhinovirus (26; 14.8%), respiratory syncytial virus A/B (19; 10.8%), adenovirus (14; 8.0%), coronavirus (CoV)-HKU1 (14; 8.0%), CoV-OC43 (5; 2.9%), CoV-229E (2; 1.1%), metapneumovirus A/B (5; 2.9%), bocavirus (6; 3.4%), enterovirus (5; 2.9%), parainfluenza virus-1 (3; 1.7%), and parainfluenza virus-3 (2; 1.1%). Coinfection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae with influenza virus was found in children (5; 2.8%). Most of the viral infection occurred in young children below 5 years of age. In addition to influenza virus, nine different respiratory pathogens were detected, of which coinfections of rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus A/B were predominantly found in children. This study gives us better information on the respiratory pathogen profile and coinfection combinations which are important for diagnosis and treatment of ARIs.
机译：急性呼吸道感染（ARIs）是尼泊尔等发展中国家的主要公共卫生问题之一。除流感外，其他几种病原体也导致儿童急性呼吸道感染。在临床管理过程中，感染的病因学特征不佳，因此使用经验性抗菌剂。这项研究的目的是通过实时PCR分析来表征流感和其他呼吸道病原体。选择2015/16冬季在尼泊尔国家流感中心收集的总共175例流感阳性病例的咽拭子样本，以检测其他呼吸道致病菌。使用Pure Link病毒RNA / DNA mini试剂盒（Invitrogen）提取总核酸，并进行多重RT-PCR分析。在120（68.6％）和55（31.4％）个标本中发现了甲型和B型流感病毒，其中在106（60.6％）个标本中发现了共感染。在甲型流感阳性病例中，有25（20.8％）是A / H1N1 pdm09，有95（79.2％）是A / H3亚型。儿童中经常与流感病毒同时感染的病毒是鼻病毒（26; 14.8％），呼吸道合胞病毒A / B（19; 10.8％），腺病毒（14; 8.0％），冠状病毒（CoV）-HKU1（14; 8.0％） ，CoV-OC43（5; 2.9％），CoV-229E（2; 1.1％），超肺炎病毒A / B（5; 2.9％），博卡病毒（6; 3.4％），肠病毒（5; 2.9％），副流感病毒-1（3; 1.7％）和副流感病毒3（2; 1.1％）。在儿童中发现肺炎支原体与流感病毒共感染（5； 2.8％）。大多数病毒感染发生在5岁以下的幼儿中。除流感病毒外，还发现了9种不同的呼吸道病原体，其中主要在儿童中发现了鼻病毒和呼吸道合胞病毒A / B的合并感染。这项研究为我们提供了有关呼吸道病原体特征和合并感染组合的更好信息，这对ARI的诊断和治疗很重要。

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