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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>International Journal of Health Policy and Management >What Is Resilience and How Can It Be Nurtured? A Systematic Review of Empirical Literature on Organizational Resilience
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What Is Resilience and How Can It Be Nurtured? A Systematic Review of Empirical Literature on Organizational Resilience

机译：什么是复原力如何进行复原？组织弹性实证研究的系统综述

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>Background: Recent health system shocks such as the Ebola outbreak of 2014–2016 and the global financial crisis of 2008 have generated global health interest in the concept of resilience. The concept is however not new, and has been applied to other sectors for a longer period of time. We conducted a review of empirical literature from both the health and other sectors to synthesize evidence on organizational resilience. >Methods: We systematically searched for literature in PubMed, Econlit, EBSCOHOST databases, google, and Google Scholar and manually searched the reference lists of selected papers. We identified 34 papers that met our inclusion criteria. We analysed data from the selected papers by thematic review. >Results: Resilience was generally taken to mean a system’s ability to continue to meet its objectives in the face of challenges. The concepts of resilience that were used in the selected papers emphasized not just a system’s capacity to withstand shocks, but also to adapt and transform. The resilience of organizations was influenced by the following factors: Material resources, preparedness and planning, information management, collateral pathways and redundancy, governance processes, leadership practices, organizational culture, human capital, social networks and collaboration. >Conclusion: A common theme across the selected papers is the recognition of resilience as an emergent property of complex adaptive systems. Resilience is both a function of planning for and preparing for future crisis (planned resilience), and adapting to chronic stresses and acute shocks (adaptive resilience). Beyond resilience to acute shocks, the resilience of health systems to routine and chronic stress (everyday resilience) is also key. Health system software is as, if not more important, as its hardware in nurturing health system resilience.
机译：>背景：最近的卫生系统冲击，例如2014-2016年的埃博拉疫情和2008年的全球金融危机，已使全球对防灾概念产生了健康关注。但是，该概念并不是新概念，并且已在更长的时间内应用于其他领域。我们对卫生部门和其他部门的经验文献进行了回顾，以综合有关组织弹性的证据。 >方法：我们在PubMed，Econlit，EBSCOHOST数据库，google和Google Scholar中系统地搜索了文献，并手动搜索了选定论文的参考文献清单。我们确定了34篇符合纳入标准的论文。我们通过主题审查分析了所选论文的数据。 >结果：复原力通常是指系统在面对挑战时能够继续实现其目标的能力。所选论文中使用的复原力概念不仅强调系统承受冲击的能力，还强调适应和转变的能力。组织的弹性受到以下因素的影响：物质资源，准备和计划，信息管理，附带途径和冗余，治理流程，领导实践，组织文化，人力资本，社交网络和协作。 >结论：所选论文的共同主题是将复原力识别为复杂自适应系统的新兴属性。弹性既是规划和为未来危机做准备的功能（计划的弹性），又是适应慢性压力和急性冲击（自适应弹性）的功能。除了对急性电击的适应能力之外，卫生系统对日常和慢性压力的适应能力（日常适应能力）也很关键。卫生系统软件（如果不是更重要的话）与它的硬件一样，可以提高卫生系统的弹性。

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