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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>International Journal of Health Geographics >Permitted water pollution discharges and population cancer and non-cancer mortality: toxicity weights and upstream discharge effects in US rural-urban areas
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Permitted water pollution discharges and population cancer and non-cancer mortality: toxicity weights and upstream discharge effects in US rural-urban areas

机译：允许的水污染排放量与人口癌症和非癌症死亡率：美国城乡地区的毒性比重和上游排放影响

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BackgroundThe study conducts statistical and spatial analyses to investigate amounts and types of permitted surface water pollution discharges in relation to population mortality rates for cancer and non-cancer causes nationwide and by urban-rural setting. Data from the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Discharge Monitoring Report (DMR) were used to measure the location, type, and quantity of a selected set of 38 discharge chemicals for 10,395 facilities across the contiguous US. Exposures were refined by weighting amounts of chemical discharges by their estimated toxicity to human health, and by estimating the discharges that occur not only in a local county, but area-weighted discharges occurring upstream in the same watershed. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) mortality files were used to measure age-adjusted population mortality rates for cancer, kidney disease, and total non-cancer causes. Analysis included multiple linear regressions to adjust for population health risk covariates. Spatial analyses were conducted by applying geographically weighted regression to examine the geographic relationships between releases and mortality.
机译：背景该研究进行了统计和空间分析，以调查与全国和城乡环境有关的癌症和非癌症原因的人口死亡率与许可的地表水污染排放量和类型。来自美国环境保护局（EPA）排放监测报告（DMR）的数据用于测量美国连续10395个设施中所选的38种排放化学品的位置，类型和数量。通过根据化学排放量对人体健康的估计毒性对化学排放量进行加权，并估算不仅在当地县发生的排放，而且对在同一流域上游发生的面积加权排放进行估算，以优化暴露。疾病控制和预防中心（CDC）死亡率档案用于衡量年龄调整后的癌症，肾脏疾病和总非癌症原因的人口死亡率。分析包括多元线性回归以调整人群健康风险的协变量。通过应用地理加权回归来进行空间分析，以检查释放与死亡率之间的地理关系。

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