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Thiol-Based Peroxidases and Ascorbate Peroxidases: Why Plants Rely on Multiple Peroxidase Systems in the Photosynthesizing Chloroplast?

机译:基于硫醇的过氧化物酶和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶:为什么植物在光合作用的叶绿体中依赖多种过氧化物酶系统?

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摘要

Photosynthesis is a highly robust process allowing for rapid adjustment to changing environmental conditions. The efficient acclimation depends on balanced redox metabolism and control of reactive oxygen species release which triggers signaling cascades and potentially detrimental oxidation reactions. Thiol peroxidases of the peroxiredoxin and glutathione peroxidase type, and ascorbate peroxidases are the main peroxide detoxifying enzymes of the chloroplast. They use different electron donors and are linked to distinct redox networks. In addition, the peroxiredoxins serve functions in redox regulation and retrograde signaling. The complexity of plastid peroxidases is discussed in context of suborganellar localization, substrate preference, metabolic coupling, protein abundance, activity regulation, interactions, signaling functions, and the conditional requirement for high antioxidant capacity. Thus the review provides an opinion on the advantage of linking detoxification of peroxides to different enzymatic systems and implementing mechanisms for their inactivation to enforce signal propagation within and from the chloroplast.
机译:光合作用是一个高度耐用的过程,可以快速调整以适应不断变化的环境条件。有效的适应性取决于平衡的氧化还原代谢和控制活性氧的释放,从而触发信号级联反应和潜在有害的氧化反应。过氧化物酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶类型的巯基过氧化物酶和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶是叶绿体的主要过氧化物解毒酶。它们使用不同的电子供体,并连接到不同的氧化还原网络。另外,过氧化物氧还蛋白在氧化还原调节和逆行信号中起作用。质体过氧化物酶的复杂性在亚有机体定位,底物偏好,代谢偶联,蛋白质丰度,活性调节,相互作用,信号传导功能和高抗氧化能力的条件要求的背景下进行了讨论。因此,本综述就将过氧化物的解毒与不同的酶系统联系起来并实现其失活机制来强制信号在叶绿体内部和从叶绿体传播的优势提供了意见。

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