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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health >Evaluation of the Effect of Ecologic on Root Knot Nematode Meloidogyne incognita and Tomato Plant Lycopersicon esculenum
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Evaluation of the Effect of Ecologic on Root Knot Nematode Meloidogyne incognita and Tomato Plant Lycopersicon esculenum

机译：评价生态学对根结线虫南方根结线虫和番茄植物番茄的影响

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Nonchemical methods and strategies for nematode management including cultural methods and engineered measures have been recommended as an alternative to methyl bromide (a major soil fumigant), due to its role in the depletion of the ozone layer. Hence, an international agreement has recently been reached calling for its reduced consumption and complete phasing out. This present research evaluates the potential of Ecologic, a biological, marine shell meal chitin material, as a soil amendment management agent for root knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, control, and its effect on the growth of Floradel tomato plant, Lycopersicon esculentum. To accomplish this goal, studies were conducted during which, experimental pots were set up in greenhouse environments using sterilized soil inoculated with 5,000 root-knot eggs per 1500 g soil. There were 4 treatments and 5 replications. Treatments were: No chitin; 50 g chitin; 100 g chitin; and 200 g chitin. A two-week wait period following Ecologic amendment preceded Floradel tomato planting to allow breakdown of the chitin material into the soil. Fresh and dry weights of shoot and root materials were taken as growth end-points. A statistically significant difference (p ≤ 0.05) was obtained with regard to the growth rate of L. esculentum at 100 g chitin treatment compared to the control with no chitin. Mean fresh weights of Floradel tomato were 78.0 ± 22.3g, 81.0 ± 20.3g, 109.0 ± 25.4g and 102.0 ± 33.3g at 0, 50, 100 and 200g chitin, respectively. The analysis of root knot nematode concentrations indicated a substantial effect on reproduction rate associated with chitin amendment. Study results showed a significant decrease in both root knot nematode eggs and juveniles (J2) at 100g and 200g Ecologic chitin levels, however, an increase in nematode concentrations was recorded at the 50g Ecologic chitin level (p ≤ 0.05). The mean amounts of J2 population, as expressed per 1500cm3 soil, were 49,933 ± 38,819, 86,050 ± 25248, 103 ± 133 and 103 ± 133 for 0, 50, 100 and 200g chitin, respectively. Similarly, the mean numbers of root knot nematode eggs (per 1500cm3 of soil) were 40,759 ± 36,712, 66,048 ± 39,730, 9,904 ± 16,591 and 9,257 ± 17,204. Root gall rating was also significantly lower (p ≤ 0.05) at the 100g and 200g chitin levels compared to the control. Percent gall ratings were 3.3 ± 1.0%, 3.2 ± 1.0%, 1.0 ± 0.5%, and 1.0% ± 0.6% for amendment levels of 0, 50, 100, and 200g chitin, respectively.
机译：由于甲基溴（一种主要的土壤熏蒸剂）的替代物，由于其在消耗臭氧层中的作用，因此建议采用非化学方法和线虫管理策略，包括养殖方法和工程措施。因此，最近达成了一项国际协议，要求减少消费并完全淘汰。本研究评估了生态，生物，海洋贝壳粉甲壳质材料作为根结线虫土壤根结线虫的土壤改良管理剂的潜力，以及其对Floradel番茄植物Lycopersicon esculentum生长的影响。为了实现这一目标，进行了研究，在此期间，在温室环境中使用每1500 g土壤接种了5,000根结节卵的无菌土壤，建立了实验盆。有4种治疗和5次重复。治疗方法：无甲壳素； 50克几丁质; 100克几丁质;和200克几丁质生态修订后的两周等待期开始在Floradel番茄种植之前，以使几丁质物质分解到土壤中。将茎和根材料的鲜重和干重作为生长终点。与未使用几丁质的对照组相比，在100 g几丁质处理下，番茄的生长速率具有统计学上的显着差异（p≤0.05）。甲壳素在0、50、100和200g时的平均鲜重分别为78.0±22.3g，81.0±20.3g，109.0±25.4g和102.0±33.3g。根结线虫浓度的分析表明，与几丁质修饰相关的繁殖速率有实质性影响。研究结果表明，在100克和200克生态几丁质水平下，根结线虫卵和幼虫（J2）均显着降低，但是在50克生态几丁质水平下，线虫的浓度却有所增加（p≤0.05）。 0、50、100和200克几丁质的J2种群平均数量（以1500cm 3 土壤表示）分别为49,933±38,819、86,050±25248、103±133和103±133。同样，根结线虫卵的平均数量（每1500cm 3 土壤）为40,759±36,712、66,048±39,730、9904±16,591和9,257±17,204。与对照相比，在100g和200g几丁质水平下，根胆评级也显着降低（p≤0.05）。修正水平分别为0、50、100和200克几丁质时，胆汁的百分评级为3.3±1.0％，3.2±1.0％，1.0±0.5％和1.0％±0.6％。

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