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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health >Characterization and Cytotoxic Assessment of Ballistic Aerosol Particulates for Tungsten Alloy Penetrators into Steel Target Plates
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Characterization and Cytotoxic Assessment of Ballistic Aerosol Particulates for Tungsten Alloy Penetrators into Steel Target Plates

机译：钨合金侵彻钢靶板的弹道气溶胶颗粒的表征和细胞毒性评估

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The nature and constituents of ballistic aerosol created by kinetic energy penetrator rods of tungsten heavy alloys (W-Fe-Ni and W-Fe-Co) perforating steel target plates was characterized by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. These aerosol regimes, which can occur in closed, armored military vehicle penetration, are of concern for potential health effects, especially as a consequence of being inhaled. In a controlled volume containing 10 equispaced steel target plates, particulates were systematically collected onto special filters. Filter collections were examined by scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM) which included energy-dispersive (X-ray) spectrometry (EDS). Dark-field TEM identified a significant nanoparticle concentration while EDS in the SEM identified the propensity of mass fraction particulates to consist of Fe and FeO, representing target erosion and formation of an accumulating debris field. Direct exposure of human epithelial cells (A549), a model for lung tissue, to particulates (especially nanoparticulates) collected on individual filters demonstrated induction of rapid and global cell death to the extent that production of inflammatory cytokines was entirely inhibited. These observations along with comparisons of a wide range of other nanoparticulate species exhibiting cell death in A549 culture may suggest severe human toxicity potential for inhaled ballistic aerosol, but the complexity of the aerosol (particulate) mix has not yet allowed any particular chemical composition to be identified.
机译：通过扫描和透射电子显微镜对由钨重合金（W-Fe-Ni和W-Fe-Co）穿孔的钢靶板的动能穿透棒产生的弹道气溶胶的性质和成分进行了表征。这些气溶胶状态可能会在封闭的装甲军车穿透中发生，可能会对健康产生影响，尤其是吸入后的健康状况。在包含10个等间距钢靶板的受控体积中，系统地将颗粒收集到特殊的过滤器上。通过扫描和透射电子显微镜（SEM和TEM）（包括能量色散（X射线）光谱仪（EDS））检查过滤器集合。暗场TEM识别出明显的纳米粒子浓度，而SEM中的EDS识别出质量分数颗粒由Fe和FeO组成的倾向，代表了目标侵蚀和积聚的碎片场的形成。人类上皮细胞（A549）（一种肺组织模型）直接暴露于在单个过滤器上收集的颗粒（尤其是纳米颗粒），可证明诱导了快速而全面的细胞死亡，从而完全抑制了炎性细胞因子的产生。这些观察结果以及对在A549培养物中表现出细胞死亡的其他多种纳米颗粒物种的比较可能表明，吸入弹道气雾剂具有严重的人体毒性潜能，但气雾剂（颗粒）混合物的复杂性尚未允许任何特殊的化学成分形成。确定。

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