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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Elsevier Sponsored Documents >Field-specific nutrient management using Rice Crop Manager decision support tool in Odisha India
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Field-specific nutrient management using Rice Crop Manager decision support tool in Odisha India

机译：使用印度奥里萨邦的水稻作物管理者决策支持工具进行田间特定养分管理

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The requirement of rice (Oryza sativa L.) for fertilizer can depend on crop and soil management practices, which can vary among fields within a rice-growing area. A web-based decision support tool named Rice Crop Manager (RCM) was developed previously to calculate field-specific rates of fertilizer N, P, and K for rice in Odisha State in eastern India. We compared field-specific nutrient management calculated by RCM with farmers’ fertilizer practice (FFP) and a blanket fertilizer recommendation (BFR), which used a uniform 80 kg N ha–1, 17 kg P ha–1, and 33 kg K ha–1. A total of 209 field trials were conducted in two seasons (kharif and rabi) for two years across ten districts in six agro-climatic zones. Grain yield was consistently higher with fertilization recommended by RCM than with FFP. Higher yield with RCM was attributed to a combination of applying more of the total fertilizer N at the critical growth stage of panicle initiation, applying more fertilizer N in kharif, and applying zinc. The RCM recommendation frequently increased yield compared to BFR as a result of improved N management, which included the adjustment of N rate for a target yield set slightly higher than historical yield reported by a farmer. Fertilization based on RCM rather than BFR reduced the risk of financial loss. The effectiveness of an RCM recommendation relative to BFR and FFP was consistent across rice varieties with different growth duration, irrigated and rainfed rice, and three categories of soil clay content. The RCM recommendation failed to increase yield relative to BFR in one of the six agro-climatic zones, where a higher rate of fertilizer P and/or K was apparently required. The nutrient management calculations used by RCM can be improved as new information and research findings become available. Experiences with RCM in Odisha can help guide the development of comparable nutrient management decision tools in other rice-growing areas.
机译：水稻（Oryza sativa L.）对肥料的需求可能取决于作物和土壤管理实践，这在水稻种植地区的田间会有所不同。以前开发了一个基于网络的决策支持工具，称为水稻作物管理器（RCM），用于计算印度东部奥里萨邦的水稻田间特定肥料氮，磷和钾的施用量。我们将RCM计算得出的田间特定养分管理与农民的施肥实践（FFP）和建议的覆盖肥料（BFR）进行了比较，后者使用统一的80 kg N ha -1 ，17 kg P ha < sup> –1 和33 kg K ha –1 。在六个农业气候区的十个地区的两个季节（哈里夫和狂犬病）中，共进行了209次田间试验，为期两年。 RCM建议的施肥始终比FFP高。 RCM的更高产量归因于在穗萌生的关键生长阶段施用更多的总肥料N，在kharif中施用更多的肥料N和施用锌的组合。由于改善了氮素管理，与BFR相比，RCM建议经常增加单产，其中包括针对目标产量设定的氮比率调整，该目标产量略高于农民报告的历史产量。基于RCM而非BFR的施肥降低了财务损失的风险。 RCM建议相对于BFR和FFP的有效性在具有不同生长持续时间，灌溉和雨养水稻以及三类土壤黏土含量的水稻品种中是一致的。 RCM建议未能在六个农业气候区之一提高相对于BFR的产量，在这些农业区显然需要更高的肥料P和/或K。随着新信息和研究结果的出现，可以改进RCM使用的养分管理计算。在奥里萨邦（Odisha）的RCM经验可以帮助指导其他水稻种植地区类似的养分管理决策工具的开发。

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