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Greenhouse gas emissions from agricultural food production to supply Indian diets: Implications for climate change mitigation

机译:农业食品生产向印度饮食供应的温室气体排放量:对缓解气候变化的影响

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摘要

Agriculture is a major source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions globally. The growing global population is putting pressure on agricultural production systems that aim to secure food production while minimising GHG emissions. In this study, the GHG emissions associated with the production of major food commodities in India are calculated using the Cool Farm Tool. GHG emissions, based on farm management for major crops (including cereals like wheat and rice, pulses, potatoes, fruits and vegetables) and livestock-based products (milk, eggs, chicken and mutton meat), are quantified and compared. Livestock and rice production were found to be the main sources of GHG emissions in Indian agriculture with a country average of 5.65 kg CO2eq kg−1 rice, 45.54 kg CO2eq kg−1 mutton meat and 2.4 kg CO2eq kg−1 milk. Production of cereals (except rice), fruits and vegetables in India emits comparatively less GHGs with <1 kg CO2eq kg−1 product. These findings suggest that a shift towards dietary patterns with greater consumption of animal source foods could greatly increase GHG emissions from Indian agriculture. A range of mitigation options are available that could reduce emissions from current levels and may be compatible with increased future food production and consumption demands in India.
机译:农业是全球温室气体(GHG)排放的主要来源。全球人口的增长对农业生产系统施加了压力,该系统旨在确保粮食生产,同时最大程度减少温室气体排放。在这项研究中,与印度主要食品生产相关的温室气体排放量是使用“凉爽农场工具”计算的。根据主要作物(包括谷物,如小麦和大米,豆类,土豆,水果和蔬菜)和畜牧产品(牛奶,鸡蛋,鸡肉和羊肉)的农场管理,对温室气体排放进行量化和比较。已发现畜牧业和稻谷生产是印度农业中温室气体排放的主要来源,该国稻米平均为5.65千克二氧化碳当量千克 -1 ,稻谷平均为45.54千克二氧化碳当量千克 -1 羊肉和2.4千克CO2当量千克 -1 牛奶。印度谷物(除大米),水果和蔬菜的生产所排放的温室气体相对较少,<1 kg CO2eq kg -1 产品。这些发现表明,向饮食方式转变,增加动物源性食物的消费,可能会大大增加印度农业的温室气体排放量。一系列缓解措施可供选择,可以减少目前水平的排放,并且可以与印度未来粮食生产和消费需求的增长相适应。

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