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Conceptual energy and water recovery system for self-sustained nano membrane toilet

机译:自持纳米膜马桶的概念能量和水回收系统

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摘要

With about 2.4 billion people worldwide without access to improved sanitation facilities, there is a strong incentive for development of novel sanitation systems to improve the quality of life and reduce mortality. The Nano Membrane Toilet is expected to provide a unique household-scale system that would produce electricity and recover water from human excrement and urine. This study was undertaken to evaluate the performance of the conceptual energy and water recovery system for the Nano Membrane Toilet designed for a household of ten people and to assess its self-sustainability. A process model of the entire system, including the thermochemical conversion island, a Stirling engine and a water recovery system was developed in Aspen Plus®. The energy and water recovery system for the Nano Membrane Toilet was characterised with the specific net power output of 23.1 Wh/kgsettledsolids and water recovery rate of 13.4 dm3/day in the nominal operating mode. Additionally, if no supernatant was processed, the specific net power output was increased to 69.2 Wh/kgsettledsolids. Such household-scale system would deliver the net power output (1.9–5.8 W). This was found to be enough to charge mobile phones or power clock radios, or provide light for the household using low-voltage LED bulbs.
机译:全球约有24亿人口无法获得改善的卫生设施,因此有强烈的动机去发展新型的卫生系统,以改善生活质量和降低死亡率。纳米膜座便器有望提供一种独特的家庭规模系统,该系统可以发电并从人类排泄物和尿液中回收水。这项研究旨在评估为十人家庭设计的纳米膜马桶概念能源和水回收系统的性能,并评估其自我可持续性。在AspenPlus®中开发了整个系统的过程模型,包括热化学转化岛,斯特林发动机和水回收系统。纳米膜马桶的能量和水回收系统的特点是,在正常工作模式下,比净输出功率为23.1Wh / kg固体当量,水回收率为13.4dm 3 /天。此外,如果未处理上清液,则比净功率输出将增加至69.2 Wh / kg固结固体。这种家庭规模的系统将提供净功率输出(1.9–5.8 W)。人们发现这足以为移动电话或时钟收音机充电,或者使用低压LED灯泡为家庭提供照明。

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