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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Frontiers in Microbiology >Stoichiometric flexibility in diverse aquatic heterotrophic bacteria is coupled to differences in cellular phosphorus quotas
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Stoichiometric flexibility in diverse aquatic heterotrophic bacteria is coupled to differences in cellular phosphorus quotas

机译：不同水生异养细菌的化学计量灵活性与细胞磷配额的差异有关

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It is frequently presumed that heterotrophic bacteria from aquatic environments have low carbon (C) content, high phosphorus (P) content, and maintain homeostasis at low C:P in their biomass. Dissolved and particulate organic matter from primary producers in terrestrial and aquatic environments typically has high C:P ratios, suggesting that heterotrophic bacteria consuming this resource experience stoichiometric imbalance in C and P. The strength of elemental homeostasis is important for understanding how heterotrophic bacteria couple C and P cycles in response to environmental change, yet these generalizations are based upon data from only a few species that might not represent the physiology of bacteria in freshwaters. However, recent research has indicated that some strains of bacteria isolated from freshwaters have flexible C:P stoichiometry and can acclimate to changes in resource C:P. Although it is apparent that strains differ in their biomass C:P and flexibility, the basis for these characteristics has not been explained. We evaluated biomass C:P homeostasis in 24 strains of bacteria isolated from temperate lakes using a uniform relative growth rate in chemostats. Overall, the strains exhibited a range of homeostatic regulation from strong homeostasis to highly flexible biomass stoichiometry, but strains that were isolated using P-rich media formulations were more homeostatic than strains isolated using P-poor media. Strains exhibiting homeostatic biomass C:P had high cellular C and P content and showed little morphological change between C and P limitation. In contrast, stoichiometrically flexible strains had low P quotas and increased their C quotas and cell size under P limitation. Because stoichiometric flexibility is closely coupled to absolute P content in bacteria, anthropogenic inputs of P could lead to prevalence of more homeostatic bacteria, reducing the ability of natural assemblages to buffer changes in the availability of P and organic C.
机译：通常认为，来自水生环境的异养细菌具有低碳（C）含量，高磷（P）含量，并在生物质中以低C：P维持稳态。来自陆生和水生环境初级生产者的溶解的颗粒有机物通常具有较高的C：P比，这表明消耗该资源的异养细菌会经历C和P的化学计量失衡。元素稳态的强度对于了解异养细菌如何与C耦合非常重要。和P随环境变化而变化，但是这些归纳是基于仅来自少数物种的数据，这些数据可能不代表淡水中细菌的生理。但是，最近的研究表明，从淡水中分离出的某些细菌菌株具有灵活的C：P化学计量，可以适应资源C：P的变化。尽管很明显，菌株的生物量C：P和柔韧性有所不同，但尚未解释这些特征的基础。我们使用化粪池中相对均匀的增长率评估了从温带湖泊中分离出的24种细菌中的生物质C：P稳态。总体而言，该菌株表现出从强稳态到高度灵活的生物质化学计量的一系列稳态调节，但是使用富P培养基配方分离的菌株比使用贫P培养基分离的菌株更稳定。表现出稳态生物量C：P的菌株具有较高的细胞C和P含量，并且在C和P限度之间几乎没有形态变化。相反，化学计量上灵活的菌株具有低的P配额，并在P限制下增加了C配额和细胞大小。由于化学计量的灵活性与细菌中的绝对P含量紧密相关，因此，人为输入的P可能导致更多的稳态细菌流行，从而降低了天然组合物缓冲P和有机C利用率变化的能力。

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