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Target-Response Associations Can Produce Response-Congruency Effects Without Task-Switching Costs

机译:目标-响应关联可以产生响应一致效应,而无需切换任务

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摘要

In task-switching experiments with bivalent target stimuli, conflicts during response selection give rise to response-congruency effects. Typically, participants respond more slowly and make more errors in trials with incongruent targets that require different responses in the two tasks, compared to trials with congruent targets that are associated with the same response in both tasks. Here we investigate whether participants show response-congruency effects when task rules are not made explicit. In two experiments, we assigned task-irrelevant features to each bivalent target. When participants were instructed to apply the task rules, they showed significant task-switching costs as well as response-congruency effects. Importantly, when the same participants did not know the task rules and responded without applying the task rules, they showed response-congruency effects but no switch costs. The significant congruency effects suggest that associations between bivalent target features and responses can be formed passively, even when participants do not follow the task rules and use task-irrelevant target features to make a response.
机译:在具有二价目标刺激的任务切换实验中,响应选择过程中的冲突会引起响应一致效果。通常,与具有不一致目标的目标在两项任务中需要不同响应的试验相比,与具有两项目标中的目标都具有相同响应的试验相比,参与者在试验中反应较慢,并且会犯更多错误。在这里,我们调查了当任务规则未明确时参与者是否显示出响应一致效果。在两个实验中,我们为每个二价目标分配了与任务无关的功能。当指示参与者应用任务规则时,他们表现出显着的任务转换成本以及响应一致性效果。重要的是,当相同的参与者不知道任务规则并且在不应用任务规则的情况下进行响应时,他们会显示出响应一致效果,但是没有转换成本。显着的一致性效应表明,即使参与者不遵循任务规则并使用与任务无关的目标特征进行响应,二价目标特征和响应之间的关联也可以被动地形成。

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