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A multiarchitectonic approach for the definition of functionally distinct areas and domains in the monkey frontal lobe

机译:定义猴子额叶功能不同区域和功能域的多架构方法

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摘要

Over the last century, anatomical studies have shown that the cerebral cortex can be subdivided into structurally distinct regions, giving rise to a new branch of neuroanatomy: ‘architectonics’. Since then, architectonics has been often accused of being overly subjective, and its validity for the definition of functionally different cortical fields has been seriously questioned. Since the late 1980s, however, the problem of localization has become particularly important in functional studies of the primate motor cortex, because of evidence that (1) the primate motor cortex is made up of a mosaic of functionally specialized areas and (2) the human motor cortex shares several general organizational principles with the monkey motor cortex. Studies of the macaque agranular frontal cortex that used a multimodal cyto-, myelo- and immuno-architectonic approach have shown that architectonic borders can be reliably and consistently defined across different individuals, even at a qualitative level of analysis. The validity of this approach has been confirmed by its ability to localize functionally distinct areas precisely and to predict the existence of new functional areas. After more than a century, architectonics as a discipline goes far beyond its original aim of generating cortical maps.
机译:上个世纪,解剖学研究表明,大脑皮层可以细分为结构上不同的区域,从而产生了神经解剖学的一个新分支:“建筑学”。从那时起,人们就经常指责建筑学过于主观,而对于定义功能不同的皮层视野的有效性一直受到严重质疑。但是,自1980年代后期以来,由于存在以下证据,本地化问题在灵长类运动皮层的功能研究中变得尤为重要:(1)灵长类运动皮层由功能特定区域的镶嵌物组成;(2)人类运动皮层与猴子运动皮层共享一些通用的组织原理。对使用多模式细胞,骨髓和免疫建筑方法的猕猴无额额叶皮层的研究表明,即使在定性分析水平上,也可以在不同个体之间可靠且一致地定义建筑边界。这种方法的有效性已被其精确定位功能不同区域并预测新功能区域的存在的能力所证实。一个多世纪以来,建筑学作为一门学科已远远超出了其生成皮质地图的最初目标。

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