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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>The Journal of Biophysical and Biochemical Cytology >Control of chromosome behavior in amphibian oocytes. II. The effect of inhibitors of RNA and protein synthesis on the induction of chromosome condensation in transplanted brain nuclei by oocyte cytoplasm
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Control of chromosome behavior in amphibian oocytes. II. The effect of inhibitors of RNA and protein synthesis on the induction of chromosome condensation in transplanted brain nuclei by oocyte cytoplasm

机译：两栖卵母细胞染色体行为的控制。二。 RNA和蛋白质合成抑制剂对卵母细胞胞质诱导移植脑核染色体浓缩的影响

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摘要

We studied the effects of actinomycin D, alpha-amanitin, puromycin, and cycloheximide on the cytoplasmic activity of maturing Rana pipiens oocytes that induces chromosome condensation in transplanted brain nuclei. Treatment of oocytes with each inhibitor suppressed the chromosome condensation induced by metaphase oocytes to varying degrees depending upon the dose of inhibitor, despite the fact that untreated metaphase I oocytes already possessed chromosome condensation activity (CCA). Treatment of brain nuclei before injection completely suppressed condensation at all doses used. Chromosome condensation induced by metaphase II oocyte cytoplasm, however, was insensitive to all the inhibitors, even when the brain nuclei were pretreated. Oocytes treated with alpha-amanitin throughout maturation induced chromosome condensation when tested at metaphase II. Removal of the oocyte chromosomes after the germinal vesicle (GV) broke down did not prevent the development of CCA, whereas removal of the entire GV before initiation of maturation deprived oocytes of CCA. The results suggest that metaphase I oocyte cytoplasm stimulates synthesis of brain nuclear RNAs that are translated into proteins necessary for chromosome condensation, whereas metaphase II oocytes possess all the factors for chromosome condensation. In both cases, GV nucleoplasm appears indispensable for the development of CCA, whereas immediate activity of the oocyte genome is not required.
机译：我们研究了放线菌素D，α-阿马尼汀，嘌呤霉素和环己酰亚胺对成熟的树蛙皮卵母细胞的细胞质活性的影响，该卵母细胞在移植的脑核中诱导染色体浓缩。尽管未处理的I期卵母细胞已经具有染色体凝集活性（CCA），但每种抑制剂对卵母细胞的处理均会根据抑制剂的剂量不同程度地抑制中期卵母细胞诱导的染色体凝集。注射前治疗脑核完全抑制了所有剂量的凝结。然而，即使预处理了脑核，中期II卵母细胞胞质诱导的染色体凝集对所有抑制剂也不敏感。在中期II进行测试时，在整个成熟过程中用α-amanitin处理的卵母细胞会引起染色体凝缩。生发囊泡（GV）破裂后去除卵母细胞染色体并不能阻止CCA的发展，而在成熟开始前去除整个GV则剥夺了卵母细胞的CCA。结果表明，中期I卵母细胞的细胞质刺激了脑核RNA的合成，后者被翻译成染色体浓缩所需的蛋白质，而中期II卵母细胞具有染色体浓缩的所有因素。在这两种情况下，GV核质对于CCA的发展都是必不可少的，而卵母细胞基因组的即时活性不是必需的。

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