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Habitat-Specific Morphological Variation among Threespine Sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) within a Drainage Basin

机译:流域内三脊棘背G(Gasterosteus aculeatus)的生境特定形态变化

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摘要

Habitat-specific morphological variation, often corresponding to resource specialization, is well documented in freshwater fishes. In this study we used landmark based morphometric analyses to investigate morphological variation among threespine sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus L.) from four interconnected habitat types within a single lowland drainage basin in eastern England. These included the upper and lower reaches of the river, the estuary, a connected ditch network and a coastal salt marsh. We found significant habitat-specific differences in morphology, with three axes of variation describing differences in orbit diameter, body depth, caudal peduncle shape and pectoral fin positioning as well as variation in relative dorsal and pelvic spine size. Interestingly, the ditch system, an artificial and heavily managed habitat, is populated by sticklebacks with a characteristic morphology, suggesting that human management of habitats can in some circumstances lead to morphological variation among the animals that inhabit them. We discuss the mechanisms that conceivably underlie the observed morphological variation and the further work necessary to identify them. Finally, we consider the implications of habitat-specific body shape variation for the behavioural ecology of this ecologically generalist species.
机译:在淡水鱼类中有很多文献记载了栖息地特定的形态变化,通常对应于资源的专业化。在这项研究中,我们使用了基于地标的形态计量学分析,研究了英格兰东部一个低地流域内四种相互联系的生境类型的三棘棘背le(Gasterosteus aculeatus L.)之间的形态变化。其中包括河流的上游和下游,河口,相连的沟渠网络和沿海盐沼。我们发现了栖息地特定的形态学差异,其中三个变化轴描述了轨道直径,体深,尾柄形状和胸鳍位置以及相对背和骨盆大小的变化。有趣的是,沟渠系统是一种人工的且管理严格的栖息地,其特征在于形态特征丰富的棘背鱼,这表明人类对栖息地的管理在某些情况下可能导致居住在其中的动物的形态变异。我们讨论了可以想象的基础上观察到的形态变异的机制以及识别它们所必需的进一步工作。最后,我们考虑了栖息地特定的身体形态变化对该生态通才物种的行为生态学的影响。

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