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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>PLoS Clinical Trials >Developmental Plasticity in Protea as an Evolutionary Response to Environmental Clines in the Cape Floristic Region
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Developmental Plasticity in Protea as an Evolutionary Response to Environmental Clines in the Cape Floristic Region

机译：普罗梯亚地区的发展可塑性，作为对开普植物区环境环境的进化反应

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Local adaptation along steep environmental gradients likely contributes to plant diversity in the Cape Region of South Africa, yet existing analyses of trait divergence are limited to static measurements of functional traits rather than trajectories of individual development. We explore whether five taxa of evergreen shrubs (Protea section Exsertae) differ in their developmental trajectories and capacity for plasticity using two environmentally-distinct common gardens in South Africa. We measured seedlings in the summer-dry season and winter-wet season of each of two consecutive years to characterize ontogeny and plasticity within years, as same-age leaf cohorts mature, and between years, i.e., from leaf one cohort to the next. We compared patterns of development between gardens to assess whether trait trajectories are programmed versus plastic and examined whether developmental differences covaried with characteristics of a seedling’s home environment. We detected plasticity in developmental trajectories for leaf area, stomatal size, stomatal pore index, and to a limited extent specific leaf area, but not for stomatal density. We showed that the species growing in the harshest environments exhibits both the smallest increase in leaf area between years and the least change in SLA and photosynthetic rates as leaves age within years. These results show that within this clade, species have diverged in developmental trajectories and plasticity as well as in mean trait values. Some of these differences may be associated with adaptation to cold and drought stress within an environmentally-complex region.
机译：沿着陡峭的环境梯度进行局部适应可能有助于南非开普地区的植物多样性，但是现有的性状差异分析仅限于功能性状的静态测量，而不是个体发展的轨迹。我们使用南非的两个环境不同的普通花园，探索五个常绿灌木的分类单元（Protea区段Exsertae）在发育轨迹和可塑性方面是否不同。我们在连续两年的每年的夏季干燥季节和冬季潮湿的季节中测量了幼苗，以表征同年龄叶片队列成熟以及几年之间（即从一个叶片队列到下一个叶片队列）在几年内的个体发育和可塑性。我们比较了花园之间的发展模式，以评估性状轨迹是通过编程还是通过塑性来进行，并检查发育差异是否与幼苗的居家环境特征相关。我们检测到发育轨迹中的可塑性，包括叶面积，气孔大小，气孔孔隙指数以及在一定程度上的比叶面积，但未发现气孔密度。我们表明，在最恶劣的环境中生长的物种在多年内叶片面积增长最小，而SLA和光合速率的变化最小。这些结果表明，在这个进化枝中，物种在发育轨迹，可塑性以及平均性状值方面存在差异。其中一些差异可能与环境复杂区域内对寒冷和干旱胁迫的适应有关。

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