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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>PLoS Clinical Trials >Seasonal Movement and Distribution of Fluvial Adult Bull Trout in Selected Watersheds in the Mid-Columbia River and Snake River Basins
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Seasonal Movement and Distribution of Fluvial Adult Bull Trout in Selected Watersheds in the Mid-Columbia River and Snake River Basins

机译：哥伦比亚河中部和蛇河流域部分集水区成年河鳟的季节性运动和分布

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From 1997 to 2004, we used radio telemetry to investigate movement and distribution patterns of 206 adult fluvial bull trout (mean, 449 mm FL) from watersheds representing a wide range of habitat conditions in northeastern Oregon and southwestern Washington, a region for which there was little previous information about this species. Migrations between spawning and wintering locations were longest for fish from the Imnaha River (median, 89 km) and three Grande Ronde River tributaries, the Wenaha (56 km) and Lostine (41 km) rivers and Lookingglass Creek (47 km). Shorter migrations were observed in the John Day (8 km), Walla Walla (20 km) and Umatilla river (22 km) systems, where relatively extensive human alterations of the riverscape have been reported. From November through May, fish displayed station-keeping behavior within a narrow range (basin medians, 0.5–6.2 km). Prespawning migrations began after snowmelt-driven peak discharge and coincided with declining flows. Most postspawning migrations began by late September. Migration rates of individuals ranged from 0.1 to 10.7 km/day. Adults migrated to spawning grounds in consecutive years and displayed strong fidelity to previous spawning areas and winter locations. In the Grande Ronde River basin, most fish displayed an unusual fluvial pattern: After exiting the spawning tributary and entering a main stem river, individuals moved upstream to wintering habitat, often a substantial distance (maximum, 49 km). Our work provides additional evidence of a strong migratory capacity in fluvial bull trout, but the short migrations we observed suggest adult fluvial migration may be restricted in basins with substantial anthropogenic habitat alteration. More research into bull trout ecology in large river habitats is needed to improve our understanding of how adults establish migration patterns, what factors influence adult spatial distribution in winter, and how managers can protect and enhance fluvial populations.
机译：从1997年到2004年，我们使用无线电遥测技术研究了206个成年河流成年鳟（平均449毫米FL）的运动和分布模式，这些流域代表了俄勒冈州东北部和华盛顿西南部的栖息地条件广泛的地区有关此物种的先前信息很少。产卵和越冬地点之间的迁徙对来自伊姆纳哈河（中位距离为89公里）和三个朗德河支流，威纳哈河（56公里）和洛斯汀河（41公里）和卢克辛格溪（47公里）的鱼类最长。在约翰·戴德（John Day）（8公里），瓦拉·瓦拉（20公里）和乌马蒂拉河（22公里）系统中观察到的迁移时间较短，据报道，人类对河景的变化相对较大。从11月到5月，鱼在狭窄范围（盆地中位数为0.5-6.2 km）内表现出站养行为。产卵前的迁移是在融雪驱动的峰值排放之后开始的，并伴随着流量的减少。大多数后期典当迁移始于9月下旬。个人的迁移速度为每天0.1至10.7公里。成年动物连续数年移居产卵场，对以前的产卵区和冬季地点表现出很高的忠诚度。在朗德河流域，大多数鱼类表现出不同寻常的河流形态：离开产卵支流并进入主干河后，个体向上游迁移至越冬栖息地，通常距离很远（最大49公里）。我们的工作提供了其他证据，表明河道鳟鱼有很强的迁徙能力，但我们观察到的短暂迁移表明，在人为栖息地发生重大变化的盆地中，成年河道迁移可能受到限制。需要对大型河流生境中的鳟鱼生态学进行更多研究，以增进我们对成年人如何建立迁徙方式，哪些因素影响冬季成年人空间分布以及管理者如何保护和增加河流种群的了解。

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