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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>PLoS Clinical Trials >Dissociating Object Directed and Non-Object Directed Action in the Human Mirror System; Implications for Theories of Motor Simulation
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Dissociating Object Directed and Non-Object Directed Action in the Human Mirror System; Implications for Theories of Motor Simulation

机译：在人镜系统中分离对象定向和非对象定向动作；对电机仿真理论的启示

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Mirror neurons are single cells found in macaque premotor and parietal cortices that are active during action execution and observation. In non-human primates, mirror neurons have only been found in relation to object-directed movements or communicative gestures, as non-object directed actions of the upper limb are not well characterized in non-human primates. Mirror neurons provide important evidence for motor simulation theories of cognition, sometimes referred to as the direct matching hypothesis, which propose that observed actions are mapped onto associated motor schemata in a direct and automatic manner. This study, for the first time, directly compares mirror responses, defined as the overlap between action execution and observation, during object directed and meaningless non-object directed actions. We present functional MRI data that demonstrate a clear dissociation between object directed and non-object directed actions within the human mirror system. A premotor and parietal network was preferentially active during object directed actions, whether observed or executed. Moreover, we report spatially correlated activity across multiple voxels for observation and execution of an object directed action. In contrast to predictions made by motor simulation theory, no similar activity was observed for non-object directed actions. These data demonstrate that object directed and meaningless non-object directed actions are subserved by different neuronal networks and that the human mirror response is significantly greater for object directed actions. These data have important implications for understanding the human mirror system and for simulation theories of motor cognition. Subsequent theories of motor simulation must account for these differences, possibly by acknowledging the role of experience in modulating the mirror response.
机译：镜像神经元是在猕猴前运动和顶叶皮层中发现的单细胞，在执行和观察动作中活跃。在非人类的灵长类动物中，镜像神经元仅与针对对象的运动或交流手势有关，因为在非人类的灵长类动物中上肢的非对象定向行为无法很好地表征。镜像神经元为认知运动模拟理论（有时称为直接匹配假设）提供了重要证据，该理论提出将观察到的动作以直接和自动的方式映射到关联的运动图式上。这项研究首次直接比较了在对象定向动作和无意义非对象定向动作期间镜像响应（定义为动作执行与观察之间的重叠）。我们提出了功能性MRI数据，这些数据证明了在人体反射镜系统内对象定向和非对象定向动作之间的明显分离。在观察到或执行的定向操作中，运动前和顶叶网络优先活动。此外，我们报告了跨多个体素的空间相关活动，以观察和执行对象定向动作。与运动模拟理论所做的预测相反，对于非对象定向动作，未观察到类似的活动。这些数据表明，针对对象和无意义的非对象行为被不同的神经元网络所保留，并且针对对象行为的人镜反应明显更大。这些数据对于理解人体镜系统和运动认知模拟理论具有重要意义。随后的电机仿真理论必须考虑到这些差异，可能是通过承认经验在调节反射镜响应中的作用。

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