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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>PLoS Clinical Trials >Natural Experience Modulates the Processing of Older Adult Faces in Young Adults and 3-Year-Old Children
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Natural Experience Modulates the Processing of Older Adult Faces in Young Adults and 3-Year-Old Children

机译：自然经验可调节年轻人和3岁儿童中老年人的脸部加工

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Just like other face dimensions, age influences the way faces are processed by adults as well as by children. However, it remains unclear under what conditions exactly such influence occurs at both ages, in that there is some mixed evidence concerning the presence of a systematic processing advantage for peer faces (own-age bias) across the lifespan. Inconsistency in the results may stem from the fact that the individual’s face representation adapts to represent the most predominant age traits of the faces present in the environment, which is reflective of the individual’s specific living conditions and social experience. In the current study we investigated the processing of younger and older adult faces in two groups of adults (Experiment 1) and two groups of 3-year-old children (Experiment 2) who accumulated different amounts of experience with elderly people. Contact with elderly adults influenced the extent to which both adult and child participants showed greater discrimination abilities and stronger sensitivity to configural/featural cues in younger versus older adult faces, as measured by the size of the inversion effect. In children, the size of the inversion effect for older adult faces was also significantly correlated with the amount of contact with elderly people. These results show that, in both adults and children, visual experience with older adult faces can tune perceptual processing strategies to the point of abolishing the discrimination disadvantage that participants typically manifest for those faces in comparison to younger adult faces.
机译：就像其他面部尺寸一样，年龄会影响成年人以及儿童处理面部的方式。然而，尚不清楚在什么条件下，这两个年龄段的人究竟会发生什么影响，因为有一些混杂的证据表明，在整个生命周期中，同龄人脸存在系统性的加工优势（年龄偏见）。结果的不一致可能源于以下事实：个人的脸部表情适应于代表环境中存在的面孔的最主要年龄特征，这反映了个人的特定生活条件和社交经验。在本研究中，我们调查了两组成年人（实验1）和两组3岁儿童（实验2）对年轻人和老年人面部的处理，他们积累了不同的老年人经验。与成人接触会影响成人和儿童参与者表现出更大的辨别能力和对年轻人与老年人面孔的构形/特征暗示的敏感性，这取决于反演效应的大小。在儿童中，老年人面部反转效果的大小也与与老年人的接触量显着相关。这些结果表明，在成年人和儿童中，成年人面部的视觉体验都可以将感知处理策略调整到消除参与者相对于年轻人面部通常表现出的歧视劣势的程度。

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