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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>PLoS Clinical Trials >An ERP Study of Good Production vis-à-vis Poor Perception of Tones in Cantonese: Implications for Top-Down Speech Processing
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An ERP Study of Good Production vis-à-vis Poor Perception of Tones in Cantonese: Implications for Top-Down Speech Processing

机译：相对于广东话音质差的良好生产的ERP研究：自上而下的语音处理的含义

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This study investigated a theoretically challenging dissociation between good production and poor perception of tones among neurologically unimpaired native speakers of Cantonese. The dissociation is referred to as the near-merger phenomenon in sociolinguistic studies of sound change. In a passive oddball paradigm, lexical and nonlexical syllables of the T1/T6 and T4/T6 contrasts were presented to elicit the mismatch negativity (MMN) and P3a from two groups of participants, those who could produce and distinguish all tones in the language (Control) and those who could produce all tones but specifically failed to distinguish between T4 and T6 in perception (Dissociation). The presence of MMN to T1/T6 and null response to T4/T6 of lexical syllables in the dissociation group confirmed the near-merger phenomenon. The observation that the control participants exhibited a statistically reliable MMN to lexical syllables of T1/T6, weaker responses to nonlexical syllables of T1/T6 and lexical syllables of T4/T6, and finally null response to nonlexical syllables of T4/T6, suggests the involvement of top-down processing in speech perception. Furthermore, the stronger P3a response of the control group, compared with the dissociation group in the same experimental conditions, may be taken to indicate higher cognitive capability in attention switching, auditory attention or memory in the control participants. This cognitive difference, together with our speculation that constant top-down predictions without complete bottom-up analysis of acoustic signals in speech recognition may reduce one’s sensitivity to small acoustic contrasts, account for the occurrence of dissociation in some individuals but not others.
机译：这项研究调查了在听觉上不会受到影响的广东话母语人士中，良好的生产和对音调的不良理解之间的理论挑战性分离。在声音变化的社会语言学研究中，这种分离被称为接近合并现象。在被动奇数球范式中，提出了T1 / T6和T4 / T6对比的词汇和非词汇音节，以引起两组参与者的失配否定（MMN）和P3a，这些参与者可以产生和区分语言中的所有音调（对照）和那些能够产生所有音调但特别是无法区分T4和T6的知觉（分离）的人。在解离组中，存在针对T1 / T6的MMN和词汇音节对T4 / T6的无效响应，证实了接近合并现象。观察结果表明，对照参与者对T1 / T6的词汇音节表现出统计学上可靠的MMN，对T1 / T6的非词汇音节和T4 / T6的词汇音节的反应较弱，最后对T4 / T6的非词汇音节没有反应。自上而下的处理过程涉及语音感知。此外，与在相同实验条件下的解离组相比，对照组的P3a反应更强，可以用来表明对照组参与者在注意力转换，听觉注意力或记忆方面的认知能力更高。这种认知上的差异，加上我们的推测，即在语音识别过程中对语音信号进行连续的自上而下的预测而没有进行完整的自下而上的分析，可能会降低一个人对较小的声学对比的敏感度，这是某些人发生分离的原因，而其他人则没有。

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