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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>PLoS Clinical Trials >New Insights into How Increases in Fertility Improve the Growth of Rice at the Seedling Stage in Red Soil Regions of Subtropical China
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New Insights into How Increases in Fertility Improve the Growth of Rice at the Seedling Stage in Red Soil Regions of Subtropical China

机译：亚热带红壤地区苗期增高肥力如何促进水稻生长的新见解

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The differences in rhizosphere nitrification activities between high- and low- fertility soils appear to be related to differences in dissolved oxygen concentrations in the soil, implying a relationship to differences in the radial oxygen loss (ROL) of rice roots in these soils. A miniaturised Clark-type oxygen microelectrode system was used to determine rice root ROL and the rhizosphere oxygen profile, and rhizosphere nitrification activity was studied using a short-term nitrification activity assay. Rice planting significantly altered the oxygen cycling in the water-soil system due to rice root ROL. Although the oxygen content in control high-fertility soil (without rice plants) was lower than that in control low-fertility soil, high rice root ROL significantly improved the rhizosphere oxygen concentration in the high-fertility soil. High soil fertility improved the rice root growth and root porosity as well as rice root ROL, resulting in enhanced rhizosphere nitrification. High fertility also increased the content of nitrification-induced nitrate in the rhizosphere, resulting in enhanced ammonium uptake and assimilation in the rice. Although high ammonium pools in the high-fertility soil increased rhizosphere nitrification, rice root ROL might also contribute to rhizosphere nitrification improvement. This study provides new insights into the reasons that an increase in soil fertility may enhance the growth of rice. Our results suggest that an amendment of the fertiliser used in nutrient- and nitrification-poor paddy soils in the red soil regions of China may significantly promote rice growth and rice N nutrition.
机译：高肥力土壤和低肥力土壤之间的根际硝化活性差异似乎与土壤中溶解氧浓度的差异有关，这暗示着这些土壤中水稻根系径向氧损失（ROL）差异的关系。用小型克拉克型氧微电极系统测定稻根的根际ROL和根际氧分布，并利用短期硝化活性测定法研究了根际硝化活性。由于稻根ROL，水稻种植显着改变了水-土壤系统中的氧气循环。尽管对照高肥力土壤（不含水稻的土壤）中的氧含量低于对照低肥力土壤，但是高稻根ROL显着提高了高肥力土壤中的根际氧浓度。高土壤肥力改善了水稻根系的生长和根系孔隙度，以及水稻根系的ROL，从而增强了根际硝化作用。高肥力还增加了根际硝化诱导的硝酸盐含量，导致水稻吸收和吸收的铵盐增加。尽管高肥力土壤中的高铵盐池增加了根际硝化作用，但稻根ROL可能也有助于改善根际硝化作用。这项研究为增加土壤肥力可以促进水稻生长的原因提供了新见解。我们的结果表明，在中国红壤地区贫瘠和硝化的水稻土上使用的肥料改良剂可能会显着促进水稻生长和水稻氮素营养。

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