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International Trade of CITES Listed Bird Species in China

机译：《濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约》在中国的鸟类国际贸易

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Commercial trade of wild birds may devastate wild bird populations. Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) controls the trade of wild species listed in its appendices to avoid these species being threatened by international trade. China used to be one of the major trading countries with significant bird trade with foreign countries; on the other hand, China is a country with unique avian fauna, many Important Bird Areas and critically endangered bird species. What is the role of the country in world wild bird trade? What kind of insights can we extract from trade records for improving future management of wild bird trade in the country? We retrieved and analyzed international trade records of the CITES listed bird species of China from 1981 to 2010 from the CITES Trade Database maintained by United Nations Environment Program and World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC). We found that: (1) International trade of live birds in China peaked during the late 1990s, then decreased to the level before the surge of trade in a few years, the trade dynamics of wild birds may be affected by governmental policy and the outbreak of avian influenza during the period. (2) Most frequently traded CITES Appendix listed birds in China were parrots, most of which were exotic species to the country. (3) Birds were mainly traded for commercial purpose. Exotic birds in trade were mainly captive-bred while the most Chinese birds traded internationally were captured from the wild. Since many bird species in international trade are threatened to extinction, China should take stricter measures on importing of wild-captured birds and should collaborate with the countries of original in the international bird trade to avoid unsustainable harvesting of wild birds. It is urgent for China to carry out population surveys on those domestic bird species once in significant international trade and to make better conservation decisions based on population status of those birds. In addition, more scientific researchers should be encouraged to participate in the wildlife trade management to avoid misreporting trade data or biased analyses of the trade records.
机译：野生鸟类的商业贸易可能破坏野生鸟类的数量。 《濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约》（CITES）控制了附录中所列野生物种的贸易，以避免这些物种受到国际贸易的威胁。中国曾经是与外国进行重要禽类贸易的主要贸易国之一；另一方面，中国是一个拥有独特禽类动物，许多重要鸟类地区和极度濒危鸟类的国家。该国在世界野生鸟类贸易中的作用是什么？我们可以从贸易记录中提取什么样的见解，以改善该国野鸟贸易的未来管理？我们从联合国环境规划署和世界自然保护监测中心（UNEP-WCMC）维护的CITES贸易数据库中检索并分析了1981年至2010年CITES所列中国鸟类的国际贸易记录。我们发现：（1）中国活禽的国际贸易在1990年代后期达到顶峰，然后在几年内下降到贸易激增之前的水平，野生禽的贸易动态可能受到政府政策和疫情的影响。在此期间感染禽流感。 （2）在中国，CITES附录所列交易最频繁的鸟类是鹦鹉，其中大多数是该国的外来物种。 （3）鸟类主要用于商业目的。贸易中的外来鸟类主要圈养，而国际上交易最多的中国鸟类则是从野外捕获的。由于国际贸易中的许多鸟类都面临灭绝的威胁，因此中国应在进口野生捕获鸟类方面采取更严格的措施，并应与国际鸟类贸易的原始国家合作，以避免野生鸟类的不可持续捕捞。中国迫切需要对曾经在重要的国际贸易中的这些家禽物种进行种群调查，并根据这些鸟的种群状况做出更好的保护决定。此外，应鼓励更多的科研人员参与野生动植物贸易管理，以免误报贸易数据或对贸易记录的分析有偏见。

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