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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>PLoS Clinical Trials >Short-Term Effects of Changing Precipitation Patterns on Shrub-Steppe Grasslands: Seasonal Watering Is More Important than Frequency of Watering Events
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Short-Term Effects of Changing Precipitation Patterns on Shrub-Steppe Grasslands: Seasonal Watering Is More Important than Frequency of Watering Events

机译：灌木草原上降水模式变化的短期影响：季节性浇水比浇水次数更重要

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Climate change is expected to alter precipitation patterns. Droughts may become longer and more frequent, and the timing and intensity of precipitation may change. We tested how shifting precipitation patterns, both seasonally and by frequency of events, affects soil nitrogen availability, plant biomass and diversity in a shrub-steppe temperate grassland along a natural productivity gradient in Lac du Bois Grasslands Protected Area near Kamloops, British Columbia, Canada. We manipulated seasonal watering patterns by either exclusively watering in the spring or the fall. To simulate spring precipitation we restricted precipitation inputs in the fall, then added 50% more water than the long term average in the spring, and vice-versa for the fall precipitation treatment. Overall, the amount of precipitation remained roughly the same. We manipulated the frequency of rainfall events by either applying water weekly (frequent) or monthly (intensive). After 2 years, changes in the seasonality of watering had greater effects on plant biomass and diversity than changes in the frequency of watering. Fall watering reduced biomass and increased species diversity, while spring watering had little effect. The reduction in biomass in fall watered treatments was due to a decline in grasses, but not forbs. Plant available N, measured by Plant Root Simulator (PRS)-probes, increased from spring to summer to fall, and was higher in fall watered treatments compared to spring watered treatments when measured in the fall. The only effect observed due to frequency of watering events was greater extractable soil N in monthly applied treatments compared to weekly watering treatments. Understanding the effects of changing precipitation patterns on grasslands will allow improved grassland conservation and management in the face of global climatic change, and here we show that if precipitation is more abundant in the fall, compared to the spring, grassland primary productivity will likely be negatively affected.
机译：预计气候变化将改变降水模式。干旱可能会变得更长更频繁，降水的时间和强度可能会发生变化。我们在加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省坎卢普斯附近的Lac du Bois草原保护区，研究了季节性和事件频率变化的降水模式如何沿自然生产力梯度影响灌木草原温带草原的土壤氮素供应，植物生物量和多样性。 。我们通过只在春季或秋季浇水来操纵季节性浇水方式。为了模拟春季降水，我们限制了秋季的降水输入，然后添加的水比春季的长期平均值多了50％，反之亦然。总体而言，降水量大致保持不变。我们通过每周（频繁）或每月（大量）浇水来控制降雨事件的发生频率。 2年后，浇水季节的变化比浇水频率的变化对植物生物量和多样性的影响更大。秋季浇水减少了生物量，增加了物种多样性，而春季浇水的影响很小。秋季灌溉处理中生物量的减少是由于草类的减少，而不是草类的减少。通过植物根模拟器（PRS）探针测量的植物有效氮从春季到夏季到秋季增加，并且在秋季测量时，秋季灌溉处理比春季灌溉处理更高。与浇水相比，在浇水过程中观察到的唯一影响是在每月施药的土壤中可提取的土壤氮含量更高。认识到降水方式的变化对草地的影响，将有助于应对全球气候变化，改善草地的保护和管理。在这里，我们表明，如果秋季的降水量比春季多，那么春季的草地初级生产力可能会受到负面影响。受到影响。

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