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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>PLoS Clinical Trials >Population structure of sea-type and lake-type sockeye salmon and kokanee in the Fraser River and Columbia River drainages
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Population structure of sea-type and lake-type sockeye salmon and kokanee in the Fraser River and Columbia River drainages

机译：弗雷泽河和哥伦比亚河流域中海型和湖型红鲑和科卡尼的种群结构

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Population structure of three ecotypes of Oncorhynchus nerka (sea-type Sockeye Salmon, lake-type Sockeye Salmon, and Kokanee) in the Fraser River and Columbia River drainages was examined with microsatellite variation, with the main focus as to whether Kokanee population structure within the Fraser River drainage suggested either a monophyletic or polyphyletic origin of the ecotype within the drainage. Variation at 14 microsatellite loci was surveyed for sea-type and lake-type Sockeye Salmon and Kokanee sampled from 121 populations in the two river drainages. An index of genetic differentiation, FST, over all populations and loci was 0.087, with individual locus values ranging from 0.031 to 0.172. Standardized to an ecotype sample size of 275 individuals, the least genetically diverse ecotype was sea-type Sockeye Salmon with 203 alleles, whereas Kokanee displayed the greatest number of alleles (260 alleles), with lake-type Sockeye Salmon intermediate (241 alleles). Kokanee populations from the Columbia River drainage (Okanagan Lake, Kootenay Lake), the South Thompson River (a major Fraser River tributary) drainage populations, and the mid-Fraser River populations all clustered together in a neighbor-joining analysis, indicative of a monophyletic origin of the Kokanee ecotype in these regions, likely reflecting the origin of salmon radiating from a refuge after the last glaciation period. However, upstream of the mid-Fraser River populations, there were closer relationships between the lake-type Sockeye Salmon ecotype and the Kokanee ecotype, indicative of the Kokanee ecotype evolving independently from the lake-type Sockeye Salmon ecotype in parallel radiation. Kokanee population structure within the entire Fraser River drainage suggested a polyphyletic origin of the ecotype within the drainage. Studies employing geographically restricted population sampling may not outline accurately the phylogenetic history of salmonid ecotypes.
机译：考察了弗雷泽河和哥伦比亚河流域的三种生态型Oncorhynchus nerka（海型红鲑，湖型红鲑和Kokanee）的种群结构，并通过微卫星变异对其进行了研究，主要研究了该种群内的Kokanee种群结构。弗雷泽河（Fraser River）的排水系统表明该排水系统内生态型是单系的或多系的。调查了两个河流排水沟中121个种群的海型和湖型红鲑和Kokanee，调查了14个微卫星基因座的变异。所有人群和基因座的遗传分化指数FST为0.087，单个基因座值介于0.031至0.172之间。标准化为275个个体的生态型样本量，遗传多样性最少的生态型是海型鲑鱼，共有203个等位基因，而Kokanee展示的等位基因数量最多（260个等位基因），其中湖型鲑鱼中间型（241个等位基因）。来自哥伦比亚河排水系统（Okanagan湖，Kootenay湖），南汤普森河（主要的弗雷泽河支流）和中弗拉瑟河中的科卡尼人聚集在一起，形成邻居分析，表明存在单生这些地区的Kokanee生态型起源，很可能反映了最后一次冰期之后从避难所辐射出来的鲑鱼的起源。然而，在弗雷泽河中部种群的上游，湖型红鲑生态型和Kokanee生态型之间存在更紧密的关系，这表明Kokanee生态型在平行辐射下独立于湖型红鲑生态型演变。整个弗雷泽河流域内的科卡尼种群结构表明，流域内该生态型具有多系起源。采用受地域限制的人口抽样的研究可能无法准确地概述鲑鱼生态型的系统发育史。

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