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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>PLoS Clinical Trials >Barcoding Atlantic Canada’s mesopelagic and upper bathypelagic marine fishes
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Barcoding Atlantic Canada’s mesopelagic and upper bathypelagic marine fishes

机译：对加拿大大西洋省的中古海洋和上深海水鱼类进行条码编码

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DNA barcode sequences were developed from 557 mesopelagic and upper bathypelagic teleost specimens collected in waters off Atlantic Canada. Confident morphological identifications were available for 366 specimens, of 118 species and 93 genera, which yielded 328 haplotypes. Five of the species were novel to the Barcode of Life Database (BOLD). Most of the 118 species conformed to expectations of monophyly and the presence of a “barcode gap”, though some known weaknesses in existing taxonomy were confirmed and a deficiency in published keys was revealed. Of the specimens for which no firm morphological identification was available, 156 were successfully identified to species, and a further 11 to genus, using their barcode sequences and a combination of distance- and character-based methods. The remaining 24 specimens were from species for which no reference barcode is yet available or else ones confused by apparent misidentification of publicly available sequences in BOLD. Addition of the new sequences to those previously in BOLD contributed support to recent taxonomic revisions of Chiasmodon and Poromitra, while it also revealed 18 cases of potential cryptic speciation. Most of the latter appear to result from genetic divergence among populations in different ocean basins, while the general lack of strong horizontal environmental gradients within the deep sea has allowed morphology to be conserved. Other examples of divergence appear to distinguish individuals living under the sub-tropical gyre of the North Atlantic from those under that ocean’s sub-polar gyre. In contrast, the available sequences for two myctophid species, Benthosema glaciale and Notoscopelus elongatus, showed genetic structuring on finer geographic scales. The observed structure was not consistent with recent suggestions that “resident” populations of myctophids can maintain allopatry despite the mixing of ocean waters. Rather, it indicates that the very rapid speciation characteristic of the Myctophidae is both on-going and detectable using barcodes.
机译：DNA条形码序列是从在加拿大大西洋沿岸水域收集的557个中古生代和上古深海硬骨鱼标本开发的。对118个物种和93个属的366个标本进行了可靠的形态学鉴定，得出了328个单倍型。其中五个物种是生命条形码数据库（BOLD）的新奇物种。尽管确认了现有分类法中的一些已知弱点，并且发现了已公开的密钥不足，但118个物种中的大多数都符合单亲预期并存在“条形码缺口”。使用其条形码序列以及基于距离和基于字符的方法的组合，在没有牢固的形态学鉴定的标本中，成功地鉴定了156个物种，并成功鉴定了11个属。其余的24个标本来自尚无参考条形码的物种，或者因明显误认了BOLD中的公共可用序列而混淆的物种。将新序列添加到以前用BOLD表示的序列中，为最近对Chiasmodon和Poromitra的分类学修订提供了支持，同时还揭示了18例潜在的隐性物种。后者的大部分似乎是由于不同海盆种群之间的遗传差异造成的，而在深海中普遍缺乏强烈的水平环境梯度使得形态得以保存。分歧的其他例子似乎可以将生活在北大西洋亚热带回旋下的人们与该海洋的亚极回旋下的人们区分开。相比之下，两个菌丝体物种Benthosema glaciale和Notoscopelus elongatus的可用序列显示了更精细的地理尺度上的遗传结构。观察到的结构与最近的建议一致，即尽管海水混合在一起，“常住”的Myctophids种群仍能保持异养。相反，它表明了Myctophidae的非常快速的物种形成特征正在持续进行并且可以使用条形码检测到。

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