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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>PLoS Clinical Trials >Multiple genomic regions influence root morphology and seedling growth in cultivated sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) under well-watered and water-limited conditions
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Multiple genomic regions influence root morphology and seedling growth in cultivated sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) under well-watered and water-limited conditions

机译：在水分充足和缺水的条件下，多个基因组区域影响栽培向日葵（Helianthus annuus L.）的根系形态和幼苗生长

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With climate change and an ever-increasing human population threatening food security, developing a better understanding of the genetic basis of crop performance under stressful conditions has become increasingly important. Here, we used genome-wide association studies to genetically dissect variation in seedling growth traits in cultivated sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) under well-watered and water-limited (i.e., osmotic stress) conditions, with a particular focus on root morphology. Water limitation reduced seedling size and produced a shift toward deeper rooting. These effects varied across genotypes, and we identified 13 genomic regions that were associated with traits of interest across the two environments. These regions varied in size from a single marker to 186.2 Mbp and harbored numerous genes, some of which are known to be involved in the plant growth/development as well as the response to osmotic stress. In many cases, these associations corresponded to growth traits where the common allele outperformed the rare variant, suggesting that selection for increased vigor during the evolution of cultivated sunflower might be responsible for the relatively high frequency of these alleles. We also found evidence of pleiotropy across multiple traits, as well as numerous environmentally independent genetic effects. Overall, our results indicate the existence of genetic variation in root morphology and allocation and further suggest that the majority of alleles associated with these traits have consistent effects across environments.
机译：随着气候变化和不断增长的人口威胁粮食安全，对在压力条件下作物生长遗传基础的更好了解变得越来越重要。在这里，我们使用了全基因组关联研究来遗传剖析栽培向日葵（Helianthus annuus L.）在水分充足和水分有限（即渗透胁迫）条件下幼苗生长性状的变化，特别着重于根系形态。水分限制减少了幼苗的大小，并导致向更深的根系转移。这些影响因基因型而异，我们确定了13个基因组区域，它们与两种环境中的目标性状相关。这些区域的大小从单个标记到186.2 Mbp不等，并包含许多基因，其中一些已知与植物的生长/发育以及对渗透胁迫的响应有关。在许多情况下，这些关联对应于共同等位基因胜过稀有变异的生长性状，这表明在栽培向日葵的进化过程中选择增加活力可能是这些等位基因相对较高的频率的原因。我们还发现了跨多个性状的多效性的证据，以及许多与环境无关的遗传效应。总的来说，我们的结果表明根形态和分配存在遗传变异，并进一步表明与这些性状相关的大多数等位基因在整个环境中具有一致的影响。

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