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Using Bayesian dynamical systems, model averaging and neural networks to determine interactions between socio-economic indicators

机译:使用贝叶斯动力学系统,模型平均和神经网络来确定社会经济指标之间的相互作用

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摘要

Social and economic systems produce complex and nonlinear relationships in the indicator variables that describe them. We present a Bayesian methodology to analyze the dynamical relationships between indicator variables by identifying the nonlinear functions that best describe their interactions. We search for the ‘best’ explicit functions by fitting data using Bayesian linear regression on a vast number of models and then comparing their Bayes factors. The model with the highest Bayes factor, having the best trade-off between explanatory power and interpretability, is chosen as the ‘best’ model. To be able to compare a vast number of models, we use conjugate priors, resulting in fast computation times. We check the robustness of our approach by comparison with more prediction oriented approaches such as model averaging and neural networks. Our modelling approach is illustrated using the classical example of how democracy and economic growth relate to each other. We find that the best dynamical model for democracy suggests that long term democratic increase is only possible if the economic situation gets better. No robust model explaining economic development using these two variables was found.
机译:社会和经济系统在描述它们的指标变量中产生复杂和非线性的关系。我们提出一种贝叶斯方法,通过识别最能描述其相互作用的非线性函数来分析指标变量之间的动力学关系。我们通过在大量模型上使用贝叶斯线性回归拟合数据,然后比较它们的贝叶斯因子,来搜索“最佳”显式函数。在解释能力和可解释性之间具有最佳权衡的,具有最高贝叶斯因子的模型被选为“最佳”模型。为了能够比较大量的模型,我们使用共轭先验,从而缩短了计算时间。通过与更多面向预测的方法(例如模型平均和神经网络)进行比较,我们检查了方法的鲁棒性。我们的建模方法以民主与经济增长如何相互关联的经典示例进行了说明。我们发现,民主的最佳动力模型表明,只有在经济形势好转的情况下,长期的民主增长才有可能。找不到使用这两个变量解释经济发展的可靠模型。

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