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A new look at the decomposition of agricultural productivity growth incorporating weather effects

机译:结合天气效应对农业生产率增长分解的新认识

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摘要

Random fluctuations in temperature and precipitation have substantial impacts on agricultural output. However, the contribution of these changing configurations in weather to total factor productivity (TFP) growth has not been addressed explicitly in econometric analyses. Thus, the key objective of this study is to quantify and to investigate the role of changing weather patterns in explaining yearly fluctuations in TFP. For this purpose, we define TFP to be a measure of total output divided by a measure of total input. We estimate a stochastic production frontier model using U.S. state-level agricultural data incorporating growing season temperature and precipitation, and intra-annual standard deviations of temperature and precipitation for the period 1960–2004. We use the estimated parameters of the model to compute a TFP index that has good axiomatic properties. We then decompose TFP growth in each state into weather effects, technological progress, technical efficiency, and scale-mix efficiency changes. This approach improves our understanding of the role of different components of TFP in agricultural productivity growth. We find that annual TFP growth averaged 1.56% between 1960 and 2004. Moreover, we observe substantial heterogeneity in weather effects across states and over time.
机译:温度和降水的随机波动会对农业产量产生重大影响。但是,这些变化的天气状况对全要素生产率(TFP)增长的贡献尚未在计量经济学分析中明确解决。因此,这项研究的主要目标是量化和调查变化的天气模式在解释全要素生产率的年度波动中的作用。为此,我们将TFP定义为总产出的度量除以总投入的度量。我们使用美国州级农业数据估算了随机生产前沿模型,该数据结合了生长期的温度和降水,以及1960-2004年期间温度和降水的年内标准差。我们使用模型的估计参数来计算具有良好公理特性的TFP指数。然后,我们将每个州的TFP增长分解为天气影响,技术进步,技术效率和规模混合效率变化。这种方法增进了我们对全要素生产率的不同组成部分在农业生产率增长中的作用的理解。我们发现,1960年至2004年之间,全要素生产率的年平均增长率为1.56%。此外,我们观察到各州和一段时间内天气影响的异质性。

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