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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>PLoS Clinical Trials >Modeling intrinsic potential for beaver (Castor canadensis) habitat to inform restoration and climate change adaptation
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Modeling intrinsic potential for beaver (Castor canadensis) habitat to inform restoration and climate change adaptation

机译：模拟海狸（Castor canadensis）栖息地的内在潜力，为恢复和适应气候变化提供依据

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Through their dam-building activities and subsequent water storage, beaver have the potential to restore riparian ecosystems and offset some of the predicted effects of climate change by modulating streamflow. Thus, it is not surprising that reintroducing beaver to watersheds from which they have been extirpated is an often-used restoration and climate-adaptation strategy. Identifying sites for reintroduction, however, requires detailed information about habitat factors—information that is not often available at broad spatial scales. Here we explore the potential for beaver relocation throughout the Snohomish River Basin in Washington, USA with a model that identifies some of the basic building blocks of beaver habitat suitability and does so by relying solely on remotely sensed data. More specifically, we developed a generalized intrinsic potential model that draws on remotely sensed measures of stream gradient, stream width, and valley width to identify where beaver could become established if suitable vegetation were to be present. Thus, the model serves as a preliminary screening tool that can be applied over relatively large extents. We applied the model to 5,019 stream km and assessed the ability of the model to correctly predict beaver habitat by surveying for beavers in 352 stream reaches. To further assess the potential for relocation, we assessed land ownership, use, and land cover in the landscape surrounding stream reaches with varying levels of intrinsic potential. Model results showed that 33% of streams had moderate or high intrinsic potential for beaver habitat. We found that no site that was classified as having low intrinsic potential had any sign of beavers and that beaver were absent from nearly three quarters of potentially suitable sites, indicating that there are factors preventing the local population from occupying these areas. Of the riparian areas around streams with high intrinsic potential for beaver, 38% are on public lands and 17% are on large tracts of privately-owned timber land. Thus, although there are a large number of areas that could be suitable for relocation and restoration using beavers, current land use patterns may substantially limit feasibility in these areas.
机译：通过建造水坝和随后的蓄水，海狸有潜力恢复河岸生态系统，并通过调节水流来抵消气候变化的某些预期影响。因此，将海狸重新引入已经被淘汰的流域并不奇怪，这是一种经常使用的恢复和气候适应策略。但是，要确定重新引入的地点，则需要有关栖息地因素的详细信息，而该信息通常无法在广泛的空间范围内获得。在这里，我们使用一个模型来确定海狸在整个美国华盛顿州的Snohomish流域中迁移的潜力，该模型可以识别出一些海狸栖息地适宜性的基本组成部分，并且仅依靠遥感数据就能做到。更具体地说，我们开发了一种通用的内在潜力模型，该模型利用遥感测量的溪流坡度，溪流宽度和山谷宽度来确定如果存在合适的植被可以在何处建立海狸。因此，该模型用作可以在较大范围内应用的初步筛选工具。我们将模型应用到了5,019条溪流公里，并通过调查352条河段中的海狸，评估了该模型正确预测海狸栖息地的能力。为了进一步评估搬迁的潜力，我们评估了具有不同内在潜力水平的溪流周围景观中的土地所有权，用途和土地覆盖。模型结果表明，有33％的河流具有中等或较高的海狸栖息地内在潜力。我们发现，没有被归类为具有低内在潜力的站点没有任何海狸的迹象，并且在将近四分之三的潜在合适站点中都没有海狸，这表明有一些因素阻止了当地居民占领这些地区。在河岸周围具有高潜在潜力的河岸地区中，有38％位于公共土地上，而17％位于大片私有林地上。因此，尽管存在大量适合使用海狸进行迁徙和恢复的地区，但目前的土地利用方式可能会大大限制这些地区的可行性。

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