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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>PLoS Clinical Trials >Movement and habitat selection of the western spadefoot (Spea hammondii) in southern California
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Movement and habitat selection of the western spadefoot (Spea hammondii) in southern California

机译：加利福尼亚南部西部赤脚（Spea hammondii）的运动和栖息地选择

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Agricultural activity, urban development and habitat alteration have caused the disappearance of the western spadefoot (Spea hammondii) from 80% of its geographic range in southern California. Despite the western spadefoot’s continuing decline, little research has been conducted on its natural history. The home range of adult spadefoots is unknown, and their use of upland habitat is poorly understood. Both factors are important for the long-term conservation of the species because adult spadefoots spend the majority of their lives away from breeding pools in self-excavated burrows. Between January 2012 and January 2013, we surgically implanted radio transmitters in 15 spadefoots at two locations and recorded their movements and habitat use. The mean distance moved between burrow locations was 18 m (SD ± 24.1 m, range1–204 m). The mean distance of burrows from the breeding pools was 40 m (SD ± 37.42 m, range 1–262 m). Rain was a significant predictor of spadefoot movement, with more rain predicting higher probability of movement and larger distances moved. At remote sensing scale (1 m) spadefoots selected grassland habitat for their burrow locations. At the microsite scale (< 1 m) spadefoots strongly selected duff over grass or shrub cover. Spadefoots burrowed in friable, sandy/loam soil with significantly less clay than random pseudoabsence points. This research enhances our understanding of a little-studied species and will contribute to the development of effective management plans for the western spadefoot.
机译：农业活动，城市发展和栖息地变化已使西部赤足（Spea hammondii）从其在加利福尼亚南部的地理范围的80％消失。尽管西方赤足持续下降，但对其自然历史的研究很少。成年spa脚的家庭范围是未知的，他们对高地栖息地的使用知之甚少。这两个因素对于该物种的长期保护都很重要，因为成年spa脚的大部分时间都在自挖的洞穴中度过繁殖池。在2012年1月至2013年1月之间，我们通过手术在两个位置的15个黑足中植入了无线电发射器，并记录了它们的活动和栖息地的使用情况。洞穴位置之间移动的平均距离为18 m（SD±24.1 m，范围1-204 m）。洞穴与繁殖池的平均距离为40 m（SD±37.42 m，范围1–262 m）。雨水是铁锹脚运动的重要预测指标，雨水多表明运动的可能性较高，而移动距离则更大。在遥感规模（1 m）上，spa脚为洞穴位置选择了草地栖息地。在微型站点规模（<1 m）上，spa足在草或灌木覆盖层上强烈选择了达芙。 de足在易碎的沙质/壤土中挖掘，粘土比随机假缺点少得多。这项研究增进了我们对很少研究的物种的了解，并将有助于制定有效的西部赤脚管理计划。

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