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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>PLoS Clinical Trials >Genome wide genetic dissection of wheat quality and yield related traits and their relationship with grain shape and size traits in an elite × non-adapted bread wheat cross
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Genome wide genetic dissection of wheat quality and yield related traits and their relationship with grain shape and size traits in an elite × non-adapted bread wheat cross

机译：优良×不适应面包小麦杂交小麦品质与产量相关性状的全基因组遗传解剖及其与籽粒形态和大小性状的关系

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The genetic gain in yield and quality are two major targets of wheat breeding programs around the world. In this study, a high density genetic map consisting of 10,172 SNP markers identified a total of 43 genomic regions associated with three quality traits, three yield traits and two agronomic traits in hard red spring wheat (HRSW). When compared with six grain shape and size traits, the quality traits showed mostly independent genetic control (~18% common loci), while the yield traits showed moderate association (~53% common loci). Association of genomic regions for grain area (GA) and thousand-grain weight (TGW), with yield suggests that targeting an increase in GA may help enhancing wheat yield through an increase in TGW. Flour extraction (FE), although has a weak positive phenotypic association with grain shape and size, they do not share any common genetic loci. A major contributor to plant height was the Rht8 locus and the reduced height allele was associated with significant increase in grains per spike (GPS) and FE, and decrease in number of spikes per square meter and test weight. Stable loci were identified for almost all the traits. However, we could not find any QTL in the region of major known genes like GPC-B1, Ha, Rht-1, and Ppd-1. Epistasis also played an important role in the genetics of majority of the traits. In addition to enhancing our knowledge about the association of wheat quality and yield with grain shape and size, this study provides novel loci, genetic information and pre-breeding material (combining positive alleles from both parents) to enhance the cultivated gene pool in wheat germplasm. These resources are valuable in facilitating molecular breeding for wheat quality and yield improvement.
机译：产量和品质的遗传增益是全球小麦育种计划的两个主要目标。在这项研究中，由10,172个SNP标记组成的高密度遗传图谱鉴定了总共43个基因组区域，这些区域与硬红春小麦（HRSW）的三个品质性状，三个产量性状和两个农艺性状相关。与六个谷物的形状和大小性状相比，品质性状表现出大部分是独立的遗传控制（〜18％的普通基因座），而产量性状表现出中等的关联（〜53％的普通基因座）。谷物面积（GA）和千粒重（TGW）的基因组区域与产量的关联表明，针对GA的增加可能通过提高TGW来帮助提高小麦的产量。面粉提取（FE）尽管与谷物的形状和大小具有弱的正表型关联，但它们没有任何共同的遗传基因座。 Rht8基因座是植物高度的主要贡献者，高度等位基因的减少与每粒穗数（GPS）和FE的显着增加以及每平方米穗数和试验重量的减少有关。几乎所有的性状都可以找到稳定的基因座。但是，我们在主要已知基因（例如GPC-B1，Ha，Rht-1和Ppd-1）的区域中找不到任何QTL。上位性在大多数性状的遗传学中也起着重要作用。除了增强我们对小麦品质和产量与籽粒形状和大小的关系的认识外，本研究还提供了新颖的基因座，遗传信息和预育材料（结合了父母双方的阳性等位基因），以增强小麦种质中的栽培基因库。这些资源对于促进分子育种以提高小麦品质和产量具有宝贵的价值。

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