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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences >Can sunspot activity and ultraviolet-B radiation explain cyclic outbreaks of forest moth pest species?
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Can sunspot activity and ultraviolet-B radiation explain cyclic outbreaks of forest moth pest species?

机译：太阳黑子的活动和紫外线B辐射可以解释森林蛾害虫物种的周期性爆发吗？

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摘要

Cyclic outbreaks of forest moth pest species have long remained a puzzle for foresters and ecologists. This paper presents time-series exhibiting a strong negative relationship between sunspot numbers and population indices of autumnal and winter moths, both in a mountain birch forest in central Norway and in a mixed lowland forest in southern Norway. In the latter area, also the population level of a moth species feeding entirely on lichens was negatively related to sunspot numbers. Low sunspot activity leads to a thinner ozone layer and thus higher surface ultraviolet (UV)-B radiation. As winter moth larvae prefer leaves subjected to enhanced UV-B radiation, we suggest that the causal relationship between sunspots and moths is that the metabolic costs of producing UV-B-protective pigments during periods of low sunspot activity reduce trees' and lichens' resistance to herbivores, and thus increase the survival of moth larvae. Higher peak densities of moth cycles in mountain forests could be explained by the general higher UV-B radiation at higher altitudes.
机译：长期以来，森林蛾害虫种类的周期性爆发一直是林业工作者和生态学家的难题。本文介绍了在挪威中部的山白桦林和挪威南部的混合低地森林中，黑子数与秋蛾和冬蛾种群指数之间呈现强烈负相关的时间序列。在后者地区，完全以地衣为食的蛾类的种群水平也与黑子数负相关。太阳黑子活性低会导致臭氧层变薄，从而导致较高的表面紫外线（UV）-B辐射。由于冬蛾幼虫更喜欢叶片受到增强的UV-B辐射，我们建议黑斑与飞蛾之间的因果关系是，在低黑斑活性期间，生产UV-B保护颜料的代谢成本会降低树木和地衣的抵抗力食草动物，从而增加了蛾幼虫的生存。山区森林中较高的飞蛾周期峰值密度可以用较高海拔下一般较高的UV-B辐射来解释。

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