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Adolescents’ and mothers’ temperament types and their roles in early adolescents’ socioemotional functioning

机译：青少年和母亲的气质类型及其在早期青少年的社会情感功能中的作用

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The present study examined adolescents’ and mothers’ temperament types and their roles in the socioemotional functioning of early adolescents. A total of 869 sixth-grade students and 668 mothers participated in the study. The students rated their temperament and socioemotional functioning and the mothers rated their own temperament. Latent profile analyses identified four temperament types among the adolescents (resilient, reserved, average, and mixed) and three types among the mothers (resilient, average, and mixed). The results showed that the adolescents with resilient or reserved temperaments reported significantly fewer conduct problems and emotional symptoms, less hyperactivity, and higher prosociality than adolescents with a mixed temperament type. The most adaptive adolescent–mother temperament matches were between a resilient or reserved adolescent and a resilient or average mother; these adolescents reported the highest levels of socioemotional functioning. Mothers with mixed or average temperaments were related to fewer conduct problems and emotional symptoms and less hyperactivity among adolescents with a mixed temperament, while mothers with a resilient temperament type were beneficial for prosocial behavior among adolescents with a mixed temperament. These findings increase understanding of the role of temperament and the interplay between adolescents’ and mothers’ temperaments in the development of early adolescents’ socioemotional adjustment.
机译：本研究调查了青少年和母亲的气质类型及其在早期青少年的社会情感功能中的作用。共有869名六年级学生和668名母亲参加了这项研究。学生们对自己的气质和社会情感功能进行了评分，母亲对自己的气质进行了评分。潜在特征分析确定了青少年中的四种气质类型（弹性，保留，平均和混合），母亲中的三种气质类型（弹性，平均和混合）。结果表明，与具有混合性气质类型的青少年相比，具有弹性或保留性气质的青少年报告的行为问题和情绪症状明显更少，多动症少，亲和性更高。适应性最强的青春期-母亲气质介于有弹性或保留的青春期与有弹性或普通的母亲之间。这些青少年报告了最高的社会情感功能。气质混合或中等的母亲与混合气质的青少年中较少的行为问题和情绪症状以及较少的多动症相关，而具有弹性气质类型的母亲对混合气质的青少年中的亲社会行为有益。这些发现使人们更加了解气质的作用以及青少年和母亲的气质在早期青少年的社会情绪适应发展中的相互作用。

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