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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Springer Open Choice >The field experiments and model of the natural dust deposition effects on photovoltaic module efficiency
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The field experiments and model of the natural dust deposition effects on photovoltaic module efficiency

机译：天然粉尘沉积对光伏组件效率影响的野外实验与模型

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摘要

The maximisation of the efficiency of the photovoltaic system is crucial in order to increase the competitiveness of this technology. Unfortunately, several environmental factors in addition to many alterable and unalterable factors can significantly influence the performance of the PV system. Some of the environmental factors that depend on the site have to do with dust, soiling and pollutants. In this study conducted in the city centre of Kraków, Poland, characterised by high pollution and low wind speed, the focus is on the evaluation of the degradation of efficiency of polycrystalline photovoltaic modules due to natural dust deposition. The experimental results that were obtained demonstrated that deposited dust-related efficiency loss gradually increased with the mass and that it follows the exponential. The maximum dust deposition density observed for rainless exposure periods of 1 week exceeds 300 mg/m2 and the results in efficiency loss were about 2.1%. It was observed that efficiency loss is not only mass-dependent but that it also depends on the dust properties. The small positive effect of the tiny dust layer which slightly increases in surface roughness on the module performance was also observed. The results that were obtained enable the development of a reliable model for the degradation of the efficiency of the PV module caused by dust deposition. The novelty consists in the model, which is easy to apply and which is dependent on the dust mass, for low and moderate naturally deposited dust concentration (up to 1 and 5 g/m2 and representative for many geographical regions) and which is applicable to the majority of cases met in an urban and non-urban polluted area can be used to evaluate the dust deposition-related derating factor (efficiency loss), which is very much sought after by the system designers, and tools used for computer modelling and system malfunction detection.
机译：为了提高该技术的竞争力，光伏系统效率的最大化至关重要。不幸的是，除了许多可更改和不可更改的因素外，还有几种环境因素会严重影响光伏系统的性能。取决于现场的某些环境因素与灰尘，污物和污染物有关。在以高污染和低风速为特征的波兰克拉科夫市中心进行的这项研究中，重点是评估由于自然粉尘沉积而导致的多晶光伏组件效率下降。获得的实验结果表明，与粉尘有关的沉积效率损失随质量而逐渐增加，并且遵循指数规律。 1周无雨暴露期观察到的最大粉尘沉积密度超过300 mg / m 2 ，效率损失约为2.1％。据观察，效率损失不仅取决于质量，而且还取决于粉尘特性。还观察到微小的粉尘层的正面效果，该效果在表面粗糙度上略微增加了模块性能。所获得的结果使得能够开发出一种可靠的模型，以防止由于灰尘沉积而导致PV组件效率下降。该模型具有新颖性，该模型易于应用且依赖于粉尘质量，适用于中低自然沉积粉尘浓度（高达1和5 g / m 2 ），并代表了许多地理区域），并且适用于在城市和非城市污染地区遇到的大多数情况，可用于评估与粉尘沉积相关的降额系数（效率损失），系统设计人员非常希望获得该降额系数，以及用于计算机建模和系统故障检测的工具。

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