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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Springer Open Choice >Climate change impacts detection in dry forested ecosystem as indicated by vegetation cover change in —Laikipia of Kenya
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Climate change impacts detection in dry forested ecosystem as indicated by vegetation cover change in —Laikipia of Kenya

机译：如肯尼亚的莱基皮亚的植被覆盖变化所示气候变化影响了干旱森林生态系统的探测

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The objective of the study was to detect and identify land cover changes in Laikipia County of Kenya that have occurred during the last three decades. The land use types of study area are six, of which three are the main and the other three are the minor. The main three, forest, shrub or bush land and grassland, changed during the period, of which grasslands reduced by 5864 ha (40%), forest by 3071 ha (24%) and shrub and bush land increased by 8912 ha (43%). The other three minor land use types were bare land which had reduced by 238 ha (45%), river bed vegetation increased by 209 ha (72%) and agriculture increased by 52 ha (600%) over the period decades. Differences in spatiotemporal variations of vegetation could be largely attributed to the effects of climate factors, anthropogenic activities and their interactions. Precipitation and temperature have been demonstrated to be the key climate factors for plant growth and vegetation development where rainfall decreased by 200 mm and temperatures increased by 1.5 °C over the period. Also, the opinion of the community on the change of land use and management was attributed to climate change and also adaptation strategies applied by the community over time. For example unlike the common understanding that forest resources utilisation increases with increasing human population, Mukogodo dry forested ecosystem case is different in that the majority of the respondents (78.9%) reported that the forest resource use was more in that period than now and also a similar majority (74.2%) had the same opinion that forest resource utilisation was low compared to last 30 years. In Yaaku community, change impacts were evidenced and thus mitigation measures suggested to address the impacts which included the following: controlled bush management and indigenous grass reseeding programme were advocated to restore original grasslands, and agricultural (crop farming) activities are carried out in designated areas outside the forest conservation areas (ecosystem zoning) all in consultation with government (political class), community and other stakeholders. Groups are organised (environmental management committee) to address conservation, political and vulnerability issues in the pastoral dry forested ecosystem which will sustain pastoralism in the ecosystem.
机译：该研究的目的是发现和识别肯尼亚莱基皮亚县过去三十年来发生的土地覆被变化。研究区的土地使用类型为六种，其中主要的三种，次要的三种。在此期间，森林，灌木或灌木丛土地和草地这三大变化了，其中草地减少了5864公顷（40％），森林减少了3071公顷（24％），灌木丛和灌木丛土地增加了8912公顷（43％） ）。在过去的几十年中，其他三种次要土地利用类型为荒地，减少了238公顷（45％），河床植被增加了209公顷（72％），农业增加了52公顷（600％）。植被时空变化的差异主要归因于气候因素，人为活动及其相互作用的影响。事实证明，降水和温度是植物生长和植被发展的关键气候因素，在此期间降雨量减少200毫米，温度增加1.5°C。另外，社区对土地使用和管理的变化的观点归因于气候变化以及社区随时间推移应用的适应策略。例如，与普遍认为森林资源利用随人口增加而增加的认识不同，Mukogodo干旱森林生态系统的情况有所不同，大多数被调查者（78.9％）报告说那个时期的森林资源使用比现在更多，而且相似的多数（74.2％）认为，与过去30年相比，森林资源利用率较低。在Yaaku社区，已证明了变化的影响，因此提出了缓解措施，以解决这些影响，其中包括：倡导控制灌木丛管理和本地草种计划以恢复原始草地，并在指定地区开展农业（农作物）活动在森林保护区之外（生态系统分区），均需与政府（政治阶层），社区和其他利益相关者协商。组织了一些小组（环境管理委员会）来解决牧草森林生态系统中的养护，政治和脆弱性问题，这些问题将在该生态系统中维持牧民主义。

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