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Microbial and genetically engineered oils as replacements for fish oil in aquaculture feeds

机译：微生物和基因工程油替代水产养殖饲料中的鱼油

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摘要

As the global population grows more of our fish and seafood are being farmed. Fish are the main dietary source of the omega-3 (n-3) long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA), eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids, but these cannot be produced in sufficient quantities as are now required for human health. Farmed fish have traditionally been fed a diet consisting of fishmeal and fish oil, rich in n-3 LC-PUFA. However, the increase in global aquaculture production has resulted in these finite and limited marine ingredients being replaced with sustainable alternatives of terrestrial origin that are devoid of n-3 LC-PUFA. Consequently, the nutritional value of the final product has been partially compromised with EPA and DHA levels both falling. Recent calls from the salmon industry for new sources of n-3 LC-PUFA have received significant commercial interest. Thus, this review explores the technologies being applied to produce de novo n-3 LC-PUFA sources, namely microalgae and genetically engineered oilseed crops, and how they may be used in aquafeeds to ensure that farmed fish remain a healthy component of the human diet.
机译：随着全球人口的增长，我们越来越多的鱼类和海鲜被养殖。鱼类是omega-3（n-3）长链多不饱和脂肪酸（LC-PUFA），二十碳五烯酸（EPA）和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）酸的主要饮食来源，但目前无法大量生产是人类健康所必需的。传统上，养殖鱼的饲料中含有丰富的n-3 LC-PUFA鱼粉和鱼油。但是，全球水产养殖产量的增加导致这些有限的有限海洋成分被没有n-3 LC-PUFA的可持续陆地来源替代物所替代。因此，EPA和DHA含量均下降，部分损害了最终产品的营养价值。鲑鱼业最近对n-3 LC-PUFA的新来源的呼吁已经引起了广泛的商业兴趣。因此，本综述探讨了用于生产从头开始的n-3 LC-PUFA来源的技术，即微藻类和基因工程油料作物，以及如何将其用于水产饲料中，以确保养殖鱼类仍然是人类饮食中的健康成分。

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